P
Key
Green: is a medical procedure.
Orange is medicine.
Blue are diseases and conditions.
Purple is equipment.
Black is "other".
- P -
▪ Pain: An unpleasant sensory sensation related to the sense of touch. It is usually related to tissue damage or inflammation of tissue. Pain is transmitted from such tissue through the nervous system to the brain, where it is processed and perceived. Pain can be felt anywhere in the body. In fact, patients have even been known to feel pain in body parts that no longer exist, such as amputated legs.
▪ Panic Attack: An effect caused by a patient's misapprehension that chest pain or a rapid heartbeat is a symptom of an impending heart attack. It was once believe that this was a form of mental illness, and the disorder was treated with anti-anxiety drugs. However, studies have recently shown that patients can be taught not to overreact to the initial symptoms by having them induce an attack at will, showing that their "heart attack" is actually their own reaction to their symptoms.
▪ Paraneoplastic Syndrome: The indirect effects of cancers such as hormonal imbalances or immune responses.
▪ Paralysis: A condition where a patient has no voluntary muscle movement or sensation of touch in a part of the body. It is often the result of a severed nerve, but can also be caused by a number of neurological diseases or toxins, such as ALS, Guillain-Barre syndrome or botulism poisoning. It can be localized or it can affect the entire body.
▪ Paranoia: The belief by a patient that they are being watched, monitored or that someone is about to do them harm. It is a common symptom of many mental illnesses (particularly schizophrenia), but can also arise in patients who are suffering from organic diseases. It can also be a side effect of some medications.
▪ Paternity Test: Any blood or genetic test used to establish the identify of the biological father of an individual.
▪ Penicillin: Act on so wide a range of bacterial diseases and have such mild side effects in most patients that patients can be treated without a definitive diagnosis. However, some patients are allergic to penicillin, and other antibiotics must be used on such patients. Moreover, some bacteria are either immune to penicillin or have become resistant to it. In such cases, other antibiotics must be prescribed.
▪ PET Scan Positron emission tomography): A nuclear medicine imaging technique that produces a three-dimensional image of the functional processes of the body for both medical and research purposes. The most common use is in clinical oncology. The tracer used in oncological scanning is called fluorine-18 flurodeoxyglucose, or FDG-PET, and is a glucose analog that is taken up by glucose-using cells and undergoes phosphorylation by hexokinase, an enzyme whose mitochondrial form is at much higher levels in rapidly-growing malignant tumors. Once the FDG enters the cell, it stays there until it decays as after phosphorylation, it cannot exit the cell therefore causing intense radiolabeling of areas with high glucose uptake such as the brain and most cancers. This process is used for diagnosing, staging and monitoring of cancers.
▪ Pneumonia: The condition where the air sacs in the lungs that normally are filled with air fill up with fluid. The fluid is usually a response by the body's immune system to the presence of an infection in the lungs in an attempt to overwhelm the infection. However, the fluid prevents the lungs from taking in air, leading to a rapid loss of lung capacity and, if untreated, eventual death.
▪ Polysomnograph: A multi-parametric test used in the study of sleep and as a diagnostic tool in sleep medicine. A polysomnogram will typically show a minimum of eleven channels requiring a minimum of 22 wire attachments to the patient. Two channels are for the EEG, one or two measure airflow, one is for chin movements, one or more for leg movements, two for eye movements (EOG), one for heart rate and rhythm, one for oxygen saturation and one each for the belts which measure chest wall movement and upper abdominal wall movement.
▪ Porphyria: A group of genetic diseases (although the disease can also be caused by liver dysfunction) characterized by the absence of one or more of the eight enzymes that properly convert poryphirins to heme, a protein that is essential in producing several molecules required by the body, including the hemoglobin that carries oxygen in red blood cells.
▪ Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A mental illness caused by severe physical or mental trauma that is typical of military service in a war zone, continued sexual abuse, or severe physical injury typical of natural disasters or structural collapse. Before it was identified as a mental disorder, it often went by the name of battle fatigue or shell shock.
▪ Prednisone: A glucocorticosteroid drug used for many different conditions; its action is similar to that of cortisone. It can be delivered orally, by intramuscular injection or, rarely, intravenously. Prednisone is a particularly good immunosuppressant drug and therefore can be used in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and sarcoidosis. Intravenous application may be employed in the treatment of symptoms of diseases such as multiple sclerosis. There are many side effects including high blood glucose, fatigue, infections, joint pain and even, in the long term, Cushing's syndrome.
▪ Pregnant: The state where a female mammal of the order placentia is carrying a fetus in the uterus until it reaches a size where it is viable and the female can give birth. In humans, the process from fertilization of the ovum until birth takes approximately 270 days. The loss of the fetus spontaneously is known as a miscarriage when it happens early in the pregnancy, premature labor when it happens just before the fetus is viable, and stillbirth if the infant is delivered dead at or near full term.
▪ Premature Labor: The birth of a baby of less than 37 weeks gestational age. Premature birth, commonly used as a synonym for preterm birth, refers to the birth of a premature infant. Because it is by far the most common cause of prematurity, preterm birth is the major cause of neonatal mortality in developed countries. Premature infants are at greater risk for short and long term complications, including disabilities and impediments in growth and mental development. Significant progress has been made in the care of premature infants, but not in reducing the prevalence of preterm birth.
▪ Psittacosis: A potentially fatal bacterial disease that is often found in the feces of birds. The bacteria is very persistent in the environment and can infect another bird, or a human, months after it exits the body of an infected bird. Direct transmission is rare, and people with the disease are not contagious. Symptoms occur 5-14 days after exposure, and increase in severity with the progression of the disease. Coma and death are likely if the disease is not treated.
▪ Pulmonary Edema: A condition where fluid gathers in the tissues of the lung and do not drain through the lymphatic system. As a result, the ability of the lungs to expand and to transfer oxygen and carbon dioxide is slowly compromised, leading to suffocation. The only treatment is oxygen until the underlying cause of the edema can be determined and treated.
By Letter
| A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M |
| N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z |
Green: is a medical procedure.
Orange is medicine.
Blue are diseases and conditions.
Purple is equipment.
Black is "other".
- P -
▪ Pain: An unpleasant sensory sensation related to the sense of touch. It is usually related to tissue damage or inflammation of tissue. Pain is transmitted from such tissue through the nervous system to the brain, where it is processed and perceived. Pain can be felt anywhere in the body. In fact, patients have even been known to feel pain in body parts that no longer exist, such as amputated legs.
▪ Panic Attack: An effect caused by a patient's misapprehension that chest pain or a rapid heartbeat is a symptom of an impending heart attack. It was once believe that this was a form of mental illness, and the disorder was treated with anti-anxiety drugs. However, studies have recently shown that patients can be taught not to overreact to the initial symptoms by having them induce an attack at will, showing that their "heart attack" is actually their own reaction to their symptoms.
▪ Paraneoplastic Syndrome: The indirect effects of cancers such as hormonal imbalances or immune responses.
▪ Paralysis: A condition where a patient has no voluntary muscle movement or sensation of touch in a part of the body. It is often the result of a severed nerve, but can also be caused by a number of neurological diseases or toxins, such as ALS, Guillain-Barre syndrome or botulism poisoning. It can be localized or it can affect the entire body.
▪ Paranoia: The belief by a patient that they are being watched, monitored or that someone is about to do them harm. It is a common symptom of many mental illnesses (particularly schizophrenia), but can also arise in patients who are suffering from organic diseases. It can also be a side effect of some medications.
▪ Paternity Test: Any blood or genetic test used to establish the identify of the biological father of an individual.
▪ Penicillin: Act on so wide a range of bacterial diseases and have such mild side effects in most patients that patients can be treated without a definitive diagnosis. However, some patients are allergic to penicillin, and other antibiotics must be used on such patients. Moreover, some bacteria are either immune to penicillin or have become resistant to it. In such cases, other antibiotics must be prescribed.
▪ PET Scan Positron emission tomography): A nuclear medicine imaging technique that produces a three-dimensional image of the functional processes of the body for both medical and research purposes. The most common use is in clinical oncology. The tracer used in oncological scanning is called fluorine-18 flurodeoxyglucose, or FDG-PET, and is a glucose analog that is taken up by glucose-using cells and undergoes phosphorylation by hexokinase, an enzyme whose mitochondrial form is at much higher levels in rapidly-growing malignant tumors. Once the FDG enters the cell, it stays there until it decays as after phosphorylation, it cannot exit the cell therefore causing intense radiolabeling of areas with high glucose uptake such as the brain and most cancers. This process is used for diagnosing, staging and monitoring of cancers.
▪ Pneumonia: The condition where the air sacs in the lungs that normally are filled with air fill up with fluid. The fluid is usually a response by the body's immune system to the presence of an infection in the lungs in an attempt to overwhelm the infection. However, the fluid prevents the lungs from taking in air, leading to a rapid loss of lung capacity and, if untreated, eventual death.
▪ Polysomnograph: A multi-parametric test used in the study of sleep and as a diagnostic tool in sleep medicine. A polysomnogram will typically show a minimum of eleven channels requiring a minimum of 22 wire attachments to the patient. Two channels are for the EEG, one or two measure airflow, one is for chin movements, one or more for leg movements, two for eye movements (EOG), one for heart rate and rhythm, one for oxygen saturation and one each for the belts which measure chest wall movement and upper abdominal wall movement.
▪ Porphyria: A group of genetic diseases (although the disease can also be caused by liver dysfunction) characterized by the absence of one or more of the eight enzymes that properly convert poryphirins to heme, a protein that is essential in producing several molecules required by the body, including the hemoglobin that carries oxygen in red blood cells.
▪ Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A mental illness caused by severe physical or mental trauma that is typical of military service in a war zone, continued sexual abuse, or severe physical injury typical of natural disasters or structural collapse. Before it was identified as a mental disorder, it often went by the name of battle fatigue or shell shock.
▪ Prednisone: A glucocorticosteroid drug used for many different conditions; its action is similar to that of cortisone. It can be delivered orally, by intramuscular injection or, rarely, intravenously. Prednisone is a particularly good immunosuppressant drug and therefore can be used in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and sarcoidosis. Intravenous application may be employed in the treatment of symptoms of diseases such as multiple sclerosis. There are many side effects including high blood glucose, fatigue, infections, joint pain and even, in the long term, Cushing's syndrome.
▪ Pregnant: The state where a female mammal of the order placentia is carrying a fetus in the uterus until it reaches a size where it is viable and the female can give birth. In humans, the process from fertilization of the ovum until birth takes approximately 270 days. The loss of the fetus spontaneously is known as a miscarriage when it happens early in the pregnancy, premature labor when it happens just before the fetus is viable, and stillbirth if the infant is delivered dead at or near full term.
▪ Premature Labor: The birth of a baby of less than 37 weeks gestational age. Premature birth, commonly used as a synonym for preterm birth, refers to the birth of a premature infant. Because it is by far the most common cause of prematurity, preterm birth is the major cause of neonatal mortality in developed countries. Premature infants are at greater risk for short and long term complications, including disabilities and impediments in growth and mental development. Significant progress has been made in the care of premature infants, but not in reducing the prevalence of preterm birth.
▪ Psittacosis: A potentially fatal bacterial disease that is often found in the feces of birds. The bacteria is very persistent in the environment and can infect another bird, or a human, months after it exits the body of an infected bird. Direct transmission is rare, and people with the disease are not contagious. Symptoms occur 5-14 days after exposure, and increase in severity with the progression of the disease. Coma and death are likely if the disease is not treated.
▪ Pulmonary Edema: A condition where fluid gathers in the tissues of the lung and do not drain through the lymphatic system. As a result, the ability of the lungs to expand and to transfer oxygen and carbon dioxide is slowly compromised, leading to suffocation. The only treatment is oxygen until the underlying cause of the edema can be determined and treated.
By Letter
| A | | B | | C | | D | | E | | F | | G | | H | | I | | J | | K | | L | | M |
| N | | O | | P | | Q | | R | | S | | T | | U | | V | | W | | X | | Y | | Z |