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Technique of Retrograde Infusion
In 1956, Lillehei and his colleagues proposed the technique of retrograde infusion of cardioplegic solutions directly into the coronary sinus. Many practitioners have found this method to be as effective as antegrade infusion, though it often results in less perfusion of the right ventricle (especially its midsection) and right atrium. To address ( Read more... ) -
Technique of Antegrade Cardioplegia
After establishing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with the perfusate at 32°C-ensuring that ventricular fibrillation does not occur-a catheter is inserted into the aortic root through a previously placed purse-string stitch, attached to the cardioplegia line, and de-aired. Optionally, the pressure line of the catheter can be connected to a strain ( Read more... ) -
Principles of Cardioplegic Solutions
Energy conservation during myocardial ischemia can be achieved by inducing chemical arrest through two primary mechanisms:
Preventing the conduction of the myocardial action potential by inhibiting the fast sodium current can be achieved through one or more of the following methods:
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Off‐pump coronary surgery (OPCAB), advatages and disadvantages
"Off-pump" coronary bypass bypass surgery (OPCAB) was developed in response to concerns regarding the potential side effects of CPB. The goal of this procedure is to achieve total revascularization while avoiding CPB. Positioning the heart for transplantation without compromising hemodynamics is achieved with the use of several retraction devices ( Read more... ) -
Off‐pump coronary surgery (OPCAB), advatages and disadvantages
"Off-pump" coronary bypass bypass surgery (OPCAB) was developed in response to concerns regarding the potential side effects of CPB. The goal of this procedure is to achieve total revascularization while avoiding CPB. Positioning the heart for transplantation without compromising hemodynamics is achieved with the use of several retraction devices ( Read more... ) -
(Untitled)
Довольно сильный медийный ход Киева: пресс-конференция трех пленных российских пилотов на базе «Интерфакс-Украина». Фамилии и должности пленных: Криштоп Максим Сергеевич, подполковник, заместитель командира 47-го авиационного полка, Козлов Алексей Игоревич, штурман авиационной эскадрильи, капитан, Головенский Алексей Сергеевич командир авиационной ( Read more... ) -
Difficult Airway Decision Pathways
Part 1 is a decision tool that incorporates relevant elements of evaluation and is intended to assist in the decision to enter the Awake Airway Management or Airway Management with the Induction of Anesthesia arms of the ASA difficult airway algorithm...
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Cuff Leak Test
OVERVIEW
The cuff leak test is used to predict risk of post-extubation stridor in intubated patients
Use and interpretation of the test needs to take into account the overall context of the patient’s condition and the management implications
does not exclude obstruction due to supraglottic structures being splinted apart while the ETT is in situ....
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Choosing the Appropriate Antibiotic
There are some general guidelines that can be used in determining the appropriate antibiotic.
Penicillins act against gram- positive and
gram- negative bacilli. The gram- positive bacilli are Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium perfringens, or Clostridium tetani. There are many penicillinase-resistant penicillins, and these agents are oxacillin, ( Read more... )
