По-венгерски, с копьем и щитом - 3
Лучшее из попадавшихся мне описаний кампании 1448 года - в Antoche E.C. Hunyadi’s Campaign of 1448 and the Second Battle of Kosovo Polje (October 17-20) // Reconfiguring the Fifteenth-Century Crusade. 2017
Часть ссылок на источники уже была тут.
Несколько цитат из Whelan, Mark. “Pasquale de Sorgo and the Second Battle of Kosovo (1448): A Translation.” Slavonic and East European Review 94, no. 1 (2016): 126-145 по войску Хуньяди.
1. Латинский текст.
pedites vero varijs armis muniti ad XV milia stilica [66] hastis longis, stamberchinis balistis, scutis magnis et staturae hominis longitudine quisque palum habentibus ut in solo ad libitum firmarentur, et utique clipeis manu gerendis ac ronchettis, qui pedites omnes accinti spatis grandis, et acutis ensibus et daghis ac et omnibus opportunis armis optime fulciti.
[66] The meaning of this word is unclear, and Iorga’s suggestion that the word is perhaps ‘sulica’, a term for lance, makes the most sense. See Iorga, p. 15.
Английский текст.
the foot-soldiers, armed with various weapons, number 15,000 lances. All the foot-soldiers [have been] armed with long spears, stamberchini throwing weapons, great shields, and each one having a stake the length of a man’s height, which can be secured in the ground at leisure. Without fail, [they are all] bearing round shields and bills, with great swords, and sharp blades, and daggers, and supported with all appropriate arms in the best possible manner
Возможно, что разбивка текста тут должна быть чуть другая - после "milia" идет перечисление вооружения. То есть - не "пехоты 15 000 копий ...", а "пеших 15 тысяч, [вооруженных] сулицами [каковые?] длинные гасты, стамбушами, щитами большими"?
ronchettia - сучкоруб с серпообразным железком.
Пара картинок из Der Weisskunig. Рисовано на 70 лет позднее и по совершенно другому поводу, но - "как-то так", насколько понимаю, пехота на Косовом поле и выглядела.
2. Латынь.
Itemque ex Meldovia equites tria milia ex optimo ordine delecti atque armis egregie muniti... Flaccorum princeps quattuor cum milibus archigeris exercitum sequitur
Английский.
Also from Moldavia, 3,000 cavalry levied from the best class and excellently equipped with weapons ... the Prince of the Wlachs himself followed with an army of 4,000 archers
3. Латынь.
Quo in numero plerique sunt homines mechanicae rei artifices et ingeniis quibusque ad belligerandum opportunis periti et jam diu longa exercitatione experti, quorum alia inter bellica machinarum instrumenta catapultae et quae bombardae scopiectaeque dicuntur, quorum maiores CCC lapideas plumbeasque graves et ferreas globeaolas emittunt, minores vero 300 longius et ultra XX stadia plumbeatus pallulas ferreasque impellere solent et alii utique parvulj scopiectae circiter mille numero ferunter.
Английский.
Among this number, there are many men who are makers of mechanical devices, as well as those trained in the appropriate use of these mechanisms to wage war, and those already made expert through long expertise. Among their warlike instruments of machines are: catapults; those bombards which are called scopiectae, the 300 largest of which discharge heavy missiles of lead and iron, and the smaller 300 of which are used to drive lead and iron pellets 20 stadia and further; and other very small scopiectae, of which around 1,000 are carried.
4. Латынь.
jta ut vix alterum puto meliori ordine exercitum nostroque tempore munitum existisse fuisse. Et ad se bene tuteque castrametandum currus una cum his qui sunt in tabaro habet V. numero et quique currus ad agendum et gubernandum habet equos VI. et homines III habet qui currus tabari nomine ad IIII passuum milia spatio castrametatum quibusque in locis exercitum circumvallari tutarique pulchro ordine parantur.
Английский.
I can scarcely think of another army better in its array and, in our time, more heavily armed, to have existed. And for the setting up of camp safely and well, a wagon, together with those which are in the tabur [in tabaro] (that is, five in number, of which each wagon has six horses to drive and govern, and three men: these wagons [are known] by the name tabur), is encamped, and they are arranged over a space of four miles in order to surround the army and to protect it in a beautiful formation.
Если правильно понимаю - "munitum" это не "heavily armed", а "защищенный".
5. Латынь
qui decanus ad V equitum milia cum IIII peditum milibus secum habere fertur, et utique ex Polonia ad III equitum milia peditumque duo milia superadduntur, qui ex Rasia iter ad exercitum faciunt.
Английский.
This officer is said to have with him 5,000 cavalry and 4,000 infantry, and indeed from Poland another 3,000 cavalry and 2,000 infantry have joined in addition, who made the journey to the army from Rasia.
У Йорги на странице 38.
VIIIс charms lyes de chaines de fer l'un a l'autre, ens esquelx charios touttes les nuis ledit Blanc et son ost estoit logye et achainié, et s'appellent lesdis charios vaghembours, et sur lesdis charyos a grant foison veuglaires et coulouvrines. Et en cheste maniere ledict Blanc et sa puissance passerent la riviere de la Dunoe.
У Антоша:
An anonymous account written at Constantinople on December 7, 1448 and discovered by Nicolae Iorga in the Bibliothèque Nationale mentions the “seven to eight hundred wagons tied together with chains, in which the said Blanc and his host sleep every night, and these wagons are called vaghembours, and they contain a multitude of cannon (veuglaires) and culverins (colouvrines). And in this way the said Blanc and his host crossed the river Danube.”
Еще из Антоша.
The German and Czech mercenaries are mentioned by Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini: “he had hired many Germans and Bohemians.” The Czechs figure too in the account given by Długosz, the one attributed to the Venetian Stefano Magno, as well as in the Ottoman chroniclers.
Опять - вагенбург, артиллерия, множество пехоты. Наемники, союзники и вассалы с половины Европы. Конница отнюдь не описана как поголовно "легкая".