文言文瘋狂
С подачи Damian (http://threeeyedfish.livejournal.com/209429.html?mode=reply#add_comment) стал читать тексты на вэньяне.
Хуань Гун, князь царства Ци, приготовил для министра банкет, который должен был состояться в подень. Гуань Чжун опоздал. Хуань Гун преподнёс ему кубок, чтобы он выпил. Гуань Чжун половину кубка выпил, а половину оставил. Хуань Гун сказал: «Можно ли назвать вежливым того, кому назначают время, а он опаздывает, кому наливают вино, а он не допивает?» Гуань Чжун ответил: «Я слышал, вино вливается, а язык вываливается. У кого язык вываливается, тот теряет речь. Кто теряет речь, тот лишается сам себя. Я полагаю, лучше уж оставить недопитым вино, чем лишиться самому себя». Хуань Гун, улыбнувшись, сказал: «Дядя, встаньте и садитесь».)
[Последняя фраза для меня загадочна.]
齊桓公爲大臣具酒，期以日中。管仲後至。桓公舉觴以飲之。管仲半棄酒。桓公曰:「期而後至, 飲而棄酒。於禮可乎?」管仲對曰:「臣聞：酒入舌出。舌出者言失，言失者身棄。臣計棄身不如棄酒。桓公笑曰:「仲父起就坐!」
齐桓公 Qí Huán gōng Duke Huan of Qi (reigned 685-643 BC), one of the Five Hegemons 春秋五霸
春秋五霸 chūn qiū wǔ bà the Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn period (770-476 BC), namely: Duke Huan of Qi 齐桓公, Duke Wen of Jin 晋文公, King Zhuang of Chu 楚庄王, and alternatively Duke Xiang of Song 宋襄公 and Duke Mu of Qin 楚庄王 or King Helu of Wu 吴王阖闾 and King Gou Jian of Yue 越王勾践
爲 Wéi (i.e. in the capacity of); to take sth as; to act as; to serve as; to behave as; to become; to be; to do; as (in the capacity of)
大臣 dà chén chancellor (of a monarchy); cabinet minister
具 jù tool; device; utensil; equipment; instrument; talent; ability; to possess; to have; to provide; to furnish; to state; classifier for devices, coffins, dead bodies
酒 jiǔ wine (esp. rice wine); liquor; spirits; alcoholic beverage; CL:杯,瓶,罐,桶,缸
期 Qī a period of time; phase; stage; (used for issue of a periodical, courses of study); time;
以 Yǐ to use; according to; so as to; by means of; in order to; by; with; because;
日中 rì zhōng noon; midday; zenith;
管仲 guǎn zhòng Guan Zhong (-645 BC), famous politician of Qi 齐国 of Spring and Autumn period; known as Guangzi 管子
後 hòu back; behind; rear; afterwards; after; later
至 zhì to arrive; most; to; until
舉 jǔ to lift; to hold up; to cite; to enumerate; to act; to raise; to choose; to elect
觴 shāng feast; goblet
飲 饮 yǐn to drink
之 zhī (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的); him; her; it
半 bàn half; semi-; incomplete;
棄 qì to abandon; to relinquish; to discard; to throw away
於 Yú in; at; to; from; by; than; out of; surname Yu; to go; to take; sentence-final interrogative particle surname Yu
禮 Lǐ gift; rite; ceremony; CL:份; propriety; etiquette; courtesy; surname Li
可 kě can; may; able to; to approve; to permit; certain(ly); to suit; very (particle used for emphasis)
乎 hū (final particle in classical Chinese, expressing question or doubt, similar to 吗)
對 duì couple; pair; to be opposite; to oppose; to face; versus; for; to; correct (answer); to answer; to reply; to direct (towards sth); right
曰 yuē to speak; to say
臣 chén state official or subject in dynastic China; "Your Servant", form of address used when speaking to a ruler; to submit oneself to the rule of or acknowledge allegiance to; to serve a ruler as his subject; Kangxi radical 168; surname Chen
聞 wén to hear; news; well-known; famous; reputation; fame; to smell; to sniff at; surname Wen
酒入舌出 jiǔ rù shé tongue chū to go out; to come out;
者 zhě (after a verb or adjective) one who (is) ...; (after a noun) person involved in...; -er; -ist; (used after a number or 后 or 前 to refer to sth mentioned previously); (used after a term, to mark a pause before defining the term); (old) (used at the end of a command); (old) this
言 yán words; speech; to say; to talk
失 shī to lose; to miss; to fail
身 shēn body; life; oneself; personally; one's morality and conduct; the main part of a structure or body; pregnant; classifier for sets of clothes: suit, twinset; Kangxi radical 158
棄 qì to abandon; to relinquish; to discard; to throw away
計 计 jì to calculate; to compute; to count; to regard as important; to plan; ruse; meter; gauge; surname Ji
不如 bù rú not equal to; not as good as; inferior to; it would be better to
笑 Xiào laugh; smile; CL:个
就 jiù at once; right away; only; just (emphasis)
父 fù father
起 qǐ to rise
坐 zuò to sit; to take a seat;
Хуань Гун, князь царства Ци, приготовил для министра банкет, который должен был состояться в подень. Гуань Чжун опоздал. Хуань Гун преподнёс ему кубок, чтобы он выпил. Гуань Чжун половину кубка выпил, а половину оставил. Хуань Гун сказал: «Можно ли назвать вежливым того, кому назначают время, а он опаздывает, кому наливают вино, а он не допивает?» Гуань Чжун ответил: «Я слышал, вино вливается, а язык вываливается. У кого язык вываливается, тот теряет речь. Кто теряет речь, тот лишается сам себя. Я полагаю, лучше уж оставить недопитым вино, чем лишиться самому себя». Хуань Гун, улыбнувшись, сказал: «Дядя, встаньте и садитесь».)
[Последняя фраза для меня загадочна.]
齊桓公爲大臣具酒，期以日中。管仲後至。桓公舉觴以飲之。管仲半棄酒。桓公曰:「期而後至, 飲而棄酒。於禮可乎?」管仲對曰:「臣聞：酒入舌出。舌出者言失，言失者身棄。臣計棄身不如棄酒。桓公笑曰:「仲父起就坐!」
齐桓公 Qí Huán gōng Duke Huan of Qi (reigned 685-643 BC), one of the Five Hegemons 春秋五霸
春秋五霸 chūn qiū wǔ bà the Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn period (770-476 BC), namely: Duke Huan of Qi 齐桓公, Duke Wen of Jin 晋文公, King Zhuang of Chu 楚庄王, and alternatively Duke Xiang of Song 宋襄公 and Duke Mu of Qin 楚庄王 or King Helu of Wu 吴王阖闾 and King Gou Jian of Yue 越王勾践
爲 Wéi (i.e. in the capacity of); to take sth as; to act as; to serve as; to behave as; to become; to be; to do; as (in the capacity of)
大臣 dà chén chancellor (of a monarchy); cabinet minister
具 jù tool; device; utensil; equipment; instrument; talent; ability; to possess; to have; to provide; to furnish; to state; classifier for devices, coffins, dead bodies
酒 jiǔ wine (esp. rice wine); liquor; spirits; alcoholic beverage; CL:杯,瓶,罐,桶,缸
期 Qī a period of time; phase; stage; (used for issue of a periodical, courses of study); time;
以 Yǐ to use; according to; so as to; by means of; in order to; by; with; because;
日中 rì zhōng noon; midday; zenith;
管仲 guǎn zhòng Guan Zhong (-645 BC), famous politician of Qi 齐国 of Spring and Autumn period; known as Guangzi 管子
後 hòu back; behind; rear; afterwards; after; later
至 zhì to arrive; most; to; until
舉 jǔ to lift; to hold up; to cite; to enumerate; to act; to raise; to choose; to elect
觴 shāng feast; goblet
飲 饮 yǐn to drink
之 zhī (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的); him; her; it
半 bàn half; semi-; incomplete;
棄 qì to abandon; to relinquish; to discard; to throw away
於 Yú in; at; to; from; by; than; out of; surname Yu; to go; to take; sentence-final interrogative particle surname Yu
禮 Lǐ gift; rite; ceremony; CL:份; propriety; etiquette; courtesy; surname Li
可 kě can; may; able to; to approve; to permit; certain(ly); to suit; very (particle used for emphasis)
乎 hū (final particle in classical Chinese, expressing question or doubt, similar to 吗)
對 duì couple; pair; to be opposite; to oppose; to face; versus; for; to; correct (answer); to answer; to reply; to direct (towards sth); right
曰 yuē to speak; to say
臣 chén state official or subject in dynastic China; "Your Servant", form of address used when speaking to a ruler; to submit oneself to the rule of or acknowledge allegiance to; to serve a ruler as his subject; Kangxi radical 168; surname Chen
聞 wén to hear; news; well-known; famous; reputation; fame; to smell; to sniff at; surname Wen
酒入舌出 jiǔ rù shé tongue chū to go out; to come out;
者 zhě (after a verb or adjective) one who (is) ...; (after a noun) person involved in...; -er; -ist; (used after a number or 后 or 前 to refer to sth mentioned previously); (used after a term, to mark a pause before defining the term); (old) (used at the end of a command); (old) this
言 yán words; speech; to say; to talk
失 shī to lose; to miss; to fail
身 shēn body; life; oneself; personally; one's morality and conduct; the main part of a structure or body; pregnant; classifier for sets of clothes: suit, twinset; Kangxi radical 158
棄 qì to abandon; to relinquish; to discard; to throw away
計 计 jì to calculate; to compute; to count; to regard as important; to plan; ruse; meter; gauge; surname Ji
不如 bù rú not equal to; not as good as; inferior to; it would be better to
笑 Xiào laugh; smile; CL:个
就 jiù at once; right away; only; just (emphasis)
父 fù father
起 qǐ to rise
坐 zuò to sit; to take a seat;