American Indian Contributions to the World, Part 1 of 5. Trade, Transportation, and Warfare
These are from Emory Dean Keoke's and Kay Marie Porterfield's American Indian Contributions to the World, a five-volume discussion of, well, American Indian contributions to the world.[1] I was gonna do all five volumes in one post, but I think if I did that, y'all's eyes would glaze over. Instead, you get a five-parter.
If you wish, you may take these five posts as commentary on what might or might not produce a " wildly divergent history." Or, you may take these as additional supporting evidence for posts such as this or this.
The volumes are unnumbered, so we begin with the first to my hand, which is...
Trade, Transportation, and Warfare
Long-distance trade networks. Long-distance communication networks. Navigational markers. Artificial harbors. Shipping canals. Maps.
Tripling the European gold supply. U.S. colonial currency supply. Otter pelts. Mink pelts. Beaver pelts.
Kayaks. Canoes. Balsa wood in boat building. Inflatable rafts. Snowshoes. Toboggans. Dogsleds. Malamutes. Appaloosas. Cairns. Blazes. Suspension Bridges. Floating bridges. Basketball. Lacrosse. Hockey.
New York City. Albany. Boston. Detroit. Kansas City. Council Bluffs, Iowa. The Natchez Trace. Daniel Boone's Wilderness Road. The Santa Fe Trail. The Oregon Trail. The Chisholm Trail. U.S. Hwy 40. U.S. Hwy 81. Hennepin Avenue, Minneapolis. Main Street, Los Angeles.
Soldier discipline with respect to non-combatant civilians. Guerilla warfare. Selected West Point military tactics. The Mexican Revolution. WWI Code Talkers. WWII Code Talkers. Soldiers in the French and Indian Wars, the Revolutionary War, the War of 1812, the Civil War, the Indian Wars, the Spanish-American War, WWI, WWII, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Gulf War, the Iraq War.
Public education. Social welfare. Worker rights to rest breaks. Worker rights to work that does not exacerbate illnesses or injuries. Worker rights to safe and healthy working conditions. Mine owner responsibility for mine worker's injuries.
Caucuses. Civilian government. Separation of church and state. Right of protection against government entry. Impeachment. Bicameral legislature. Veto. Consensus. U.S. Articles of Confederation. U.S. Constitution. 1st Amendment. 4th Amendment. 19th Amendment. U.S. women's suffrage movement. League of Nations. United Nations.
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[1] "American Indian" is defined broadly, spanning all people who are indigenous to either of the Americas, including people who are not normally gathered under the label "American Indian," such as the Inuit.
"The world" includes the Americas as a significant part of the world. As such, listed contributions include things that have affected multiple societies or civilizations in or out of the Americas.
"Contributions" include long-lasting infrastructure investments as well as inventions and innovations. "Contribution" does not necessarily imply that American Indians were the only contributor, but that they were a significant contributor.
None of these terms were explicitly defined within the text, but meanings were extrapolated from how items in the book are discussed.
If you wish, you may take these five posts as commentary on what might or might not produce a " wildly divergent history." Or, you may take these as additional supporting evidence for posts such as this or this.
The volumes are unnumbered, so we begin with the first to my hand, which is...
Trade, Transportation, and Warfare
Long-distance trade networks. Long-distance communication networks. Navigational markers. Artificial harbors. Shipping canals. Maps.
Tripling the European gold supply. U.S. colonial currency supply. Otter pelts. Mink pelts. Beaver pelts.
Kayaks. Canoes. Balsa wood in boat building. Inflatable rafts. Snowshoes. Toboggans. Dogsleds. Malamutes. Appaloosas. Cairns. Blazes. Suspension Bridges. Floating bridges. Basketball. Lacrosse. Hockey.
New York City. Albany. Boston. Detroit. Kansas City. Council Bluffs, Iowa. The Natchez Trace. Daniel Boone's Wilderness Road. The Santa Fe Trail. The Oregon Trail. The Chisholm Trail. U.S. Hwy 40. U.S. Hwy 81. Hennepin Avenue, Minneapolis. Main Street, Los Angeles.
Soldier discipline with respect to non-combatant civilians. Guerilla warfare. Selected West Point military tactics. The Mexican Revolution. WWI Code Talkers. WWII Code Talkers. Soldiers in the French and Indian Wars, the Revolutionary War, the War of 1812, the Civil War, the Indian Wars, the Spanish-American War, WWI, WWII, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Gulf War, the Iraq War.
Public education. Social welfare. Worker rights to rest breaks. Worker rights to work that does not exacerbate illnesses or injuries. Worker rights to safe and healthy working conditions. Mine owner responsibility for mine worker's injuries.
Caucuses. Civilian government. Separation of church and state. Right of protection against government entry. Impeachment. Bicameral legislature. Veto. Consensus. U.S. Articles of Confederation. U.S. Constitution. 1st Amendment. 4th Amendment. 19th Amendment. U.S. women's suffrage movement. League of Nations. United Nations.
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[1] "American Indian" is defined broadly, spanning all people who are indigenous to either of the Americas, including people who are not normally gathered under the label "American Indian," such as the Inuit.
"The world" includes the Americas as a significant part of the world. As such, listed contributions include things that have affected multiple societies or civilizations in or out of the Americas.
"Contributions" include long-lasting infrastructure investments as well as inventions and innovations. "Contribution" does not necessarily imply that American Indians were the only contributor, but that they were a significant contributor.
None of these terms were explicitly defined within the text, but meanings were extrapolated from how items in the book are discussed.