Fandom Glossary

Mar 07, 2011 16:53

Hello flist and new friends! I'm putting out a call for fannish help - please pass on!

Backstory: My good friend ferlith (who I just forced into getting an LJ, it's cool) and I are in an amazing university class together. I call it "My Fandom Class". It has an academic course name, but it boils down to "Let's Study Cult TV and the Fan Culture That Surrounds It". BUT there's a slight problem in the class. While fortunately our amazing professor (Prof. P) speaks fluent Fannish, there's a bit of a language barrier between us and our classmates. Hence, we have begun writing a glossary of common fan terms - and we need your help!

Below is the glossary. If you could read it and comment with your edits, thoughts, criticisms, and/or additions, it would be amazing. Thank you!

Unlike a lot of glossaries/dictionaries, this one is explicitly targeted at the other students in our university class. We like to joke the class is made up of two types of people: Film & Media Studies kids, and us. (Remind us to tell you the D/H comment that was made...) Thus, while we are looking for full definitions and nuances, examples might not carry the same resonance, which is why we’re trying to make any we include either really widely-known, or from fandoms we’ve already discussed in class (mainly Star Trek and the late 80s Beauty and the Beast TV show). Savvy? ;-)

PS, in case anyone is curious, most of the readings for the class are photocopied from various publications, but the physical book we purchased was Textual Poachers by Henry Jenkins.

Fandom Glossary for Our Academic Peers: Or, A Hitchhiker’s Guide to Fandom
By Alianne and Ferlith with help from Readers Like You

We intentionally did not organize the Glossary alphabetically. It's more thematically organized, if you will - we tried also not to use previously undefined terms in the definitions (but once defined, it is fair game).

Table of Contents:

Terms Before You Go Any Further

General Fandom Terms/Concepts

Fanfic Terms with Broader Applications

Terms About Fanfic

Types of Fic

Generic Fic Hosting Sites
Extra Reading : People and Situations


Terms Before You Go Any Further:

Fandom: The community of fans associated with a text (such as a movie, television show, novel, comic book, or series).

Fanfiction: Consult Jenkins. If you don’t know this by now, we can’t help you. “When fans write original stories set in the world of a certain canon”.

Fanfic/Fic: Short for “fanfiction”.

Vidding/Fanvids: The practice of taking clips from a movie or television show or series and linking them together into vids. Often, but not always, set to music much like a traditional music video; other styles more resemble a film trailer.  Audio from the clips is generally either entirely muted or selected lines of dialogue are used to emphasize the vidder’s intent.

Filk: Fandom-related music.  May be original music, or new lyrics to an existing tune. A subgenre of Filk is Wrock, a shortened form of “wizard rock” that is filk specific to the Harry Potter fandom.

Canon: The original “source text” for a fandom. This is the TV show, the book, or the movie in which the story takes place. There are debates about what qualifies as “canon” - for example, canon purists state that only the original text is canon, and subsequent other-media endeavors to continue the story are not canon. This debate is common as a story changes media (ex. from book to movie, or from TV show to comic book).

Fanon: The facts about a fandom that are widely accepted across the fandom to be true despite not appearing in canon. For a classical example, the concept of the nine circles of hell is Bible fanon, as hell’s topography is never described in the Bible.  Dante’s Inferno nevertheless remains extremely popular and often accepted as true. Not every fan accepts fanon as true, but large groups of fans will agree on certain aspects of fanon; creators may respond to this and incorporate it into the canon (or intentionally contradict it--see “Jossed”). Conflicting views may spark animosity.


General Fandom Terms/Concepts:

42: The answer to the ultimate  question of life, the universe, and everything. Originated in the Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy series, by Douglas Adams, but has since become memetic (see: Meme).

Rules of the Internet: A series of joke rules originating on the 4chan message board (see: 4chan).  Most of them are in-jokes, but a handful have become more widely known:

Rule 34: If it exists, there is porn of it.  (Yes, even whatever you just thought of.  I suggest you don’t try to prove this wrong if you value your childhood memories, faith in humanity, or sanity.)

Rule 35: The only exception to Rule 34 is Rule 34 itself.  (Has since been jossed.) (see: Jossed)

Rule 36: If it exists, it’s someone’s fetish.

4chan: A message board full of trolls and cat-lovers. Many internet memes find their origins on 4chan, such as LOLCats.  When we say it’s full of trolls, we mean it.  The denizens of 4chan, known collectively as “Anonymous” due to the high prevalence of anonymous posters, will occasionally rise up as one and ruin someone’s day by swamping them with phone calls, emails, IMs, or in the case of the Church of Scientology, protests by people in V for Vendetta masks. 4chan has been responsible for attacks on Justin Beiber, among others. (Since Anonymous is anonymous, the people participating in any given subset of Anonymous’s attacks may not be the same as people in any other subset, but they’re all lumped together anyway.)

Meme: In internet terms, an in-joke that goes viral.  Examples of memes include LOLcats, some forms of fanon, and various Youtube videos that have become near-universally known (Star Wars Kid, Charlie Bit Me, Charlie the Unicorn, etc.). For more information on memes, visit www.knowyourmeme.com.

Troll: Someone who enters an online discussion with the express intention of causing drama or dissent.

Wank: Epic internet drama. Major wank tends to involve one or more BNF’s, and typically either revolves around interpersonal fan drama, “ship wars”, or questions of canon/fanon.

Fandom_Wank (F_W): Fandom wank is common enough that a Livejournal community called “Fandom_Wank” was created in 2002, dedicated solely to tracking the drama of fandom. In another prime example of wank, F_W got asked to leave Livejournal in 2003 due to “Violation of the Terms and Services” (“it got TOS’ed”). F_W then moved to Journalfen, where it has remained since. The Fandom_Wank community, at the time of writing this (March 2011) is still being actively posted in.

Flamewar: A particularly heated argument.  “Flaming” is sending a nasty message to someone, so a flamewar is a series of these fired back and forth.  They can remain limited to just two people, or they can spread to envelop a large portion of a fandom.

BNF: Short for “big name fan”, a fan who is particularly well-known and influential for any of a variety of reasons.  They may be especially prolific, they may have written one of the most well-liked fics in the fandom, they may have produced a large amount of fanon, or they may simply be very social with other fans.  It can also be used as a derogatory term, as some BNFs let their fame go to their heads, and some people are convinced they’re BNFs when they aren’t.

Sockpuppet: A sockpuppet is a fake user created in order for the manipulator (who can be anyone from Joe Bloe to a BNF) to go places they shouldn’t or express unpopular opinions. In internet fan communities, it is possible for sockpuppets to be used to great effect to troll and generate extreme wank and flamewars.

Discontinuity: The practice of declaring a portion of canon non-canon.  Fans will do this to particularly bad episodes, events that make no sense, and even entire seasons that they felt sucked.  Typically involves conscious denial, as in “Season three of Beauty and the Beast?* What season three?  I don’t remember a season three.  I’m sure it would have sucked if there was one.  But there wasn’t.  So it didn’t.”  May also be done on the part of the show’s creators, resulting in retcons.

*(NOTE TO FANS: We are talking about B&theB the late 80s TV show, not the Disney movie. We’re using it as an example because it’s one of the things we watched for class.)

Retcon: When deliberate discontinuity is enacted on the part of the show’s creators. Stands for “retroactive continuity.” Made literal by Russell T Davies, whose characters disperse “retcon” pills to wipe people’s memories. Also done by the show Dallas, which famously declared that an entire season, including the death of a major character, had just been a dream.

Hive Mind: When an entire fandom seems to move in the same direction at once without any conscious plan (ex, suddenly everyone is writing wing!fic and we have no idea why). Tends to lead to the creation or broad support of fanon. See also: The Claw.

The Claw: Possibly derived from that scene in the original Toy Story movie where The Claw chooses the little alien toys, who worship it. In fandom, The Claw will choose a fic that everyone and their mother will read and rec and comment on, often for no discernable reason. The Claw may also choose a particular fandom or pairing that becomes wildly popular all at once, again for no discernable reason. Generally has a fairly brief shelf life.

Brain bleach: A fictional substance that removes unwanted mental images.  People will call for it when they’ve just read or seen something they really wish they hadn’t.

RP: Role-playing.  This refers to when fans take on the persona of a character and act out interactions with other role-players as that character.  Typically done through IM/chat, message boards, or comments to a journal entry, although it can also be done in person (see: LARP).  Depending on the setting, characters may or may not be OCs.  Tend to be very open-ended; the more structured may involve a “game master” who directs the interactions of the environment and “non-player characters” (NPCs) with the player characters, but often consist of just two or three participants scripting the interactions of their characters with each other.

RPG: Role-playing game.  A game (board or video) such as Dungeons and Dragons centered around role-playing a character.  Typically, these involve certain restrictions that prevent open ended role-playing and add a certain degree of randomness--such as rolling dice to determine whether an attack on a monster was successful.

MMORPG: a subset of RPGs, MMORPG is short for Massively Multiplayer Online Role Playing Game, often just abbreviated to MMO.  An online RPG that involves a very large number of players, such as World of Warcraft.

LARP: Live-action role playing.  Used to describe RPing where the actions taken are acted out rather than just described.


Fanfic Terms with Broader Applications:

“!”: Used as shorthand for linking a descriptor and the word it’s modifying. For example, “Fic written while drunk” might become “drunk!fic”. Often used to describe the dominant personality trait of a character (ex. happy!Joe or passive!Joe).

Ship: A desired romantic relationship between characters.  Someone who ships two characters wants them to get together in a romantic sense.  “Ship” can be used as both a noun and a verb: a shipper will ship characters, or support a ship.  Sometimes people will give ships names: rather than saying they ship Harry Potter and Hermione Granger, some people will say that they support “Harmony” (a vague example of a portmanteau created by combining the characters’ names; others are usually more literal: Drarry for Draco/Harry) or “Pumpkin Pie”, or even “are aboard HMS Harmonian”.  The way of referring to a pairing is often fandom specific: House, MD works almost exclusively in portmanteaus (ex. House/Cuddy is referred to as “Huddy”), while most Star Trek incarnations simply refer to their ships as “Character 1/Character 2”.

Subtext:  In contrast to maintext (that which is explicitly depicted in the source material) subtext refers to things that are hinted at (or that fans think are being hinted at).  Used as fanon “proof” for a pairing or to explain motivations for characters’ behaviors/emotions.

UST: Unresolved sexual tension.  Commonly seen by fans even where it wasn’t intended. UST is often found in the subtext of a canon.

‘Verse: Short for “universe”, the ‘verse is the world in which the story takes place. No relation to poetry. In non-fandom terms, the ‘verse is the diegesis. Common examples include the Potterverse (the world in which the events of Harry Potter take place), Jossverse (the collection of works by Joss Whedon), or Whoniverse (the world of Doctor Who)

AU: Short for “alternate universe”.  Describes several genres of fic where the story takes place in a different diegesis from the one presented in canon.  They may differ in one of several ways, including:

1) The diegesis diverges from the original at a specific point.  “If the third season never happened”; “if they’d made it in time in episode 21”; “if Kirk died in “Amok Time””.  The divergence can either be the driving point of the story, or a background detail that enables the events of the story.

2) The diegesis is different from the original in a specific way.  “If everyone was the opposite gender”, “if Joe and Bob were actually brothers separated at birth and not just coworkers”, “everyone has wings” (a trope common enough to be known by the self-explanatory name “wing!fic”).

3)  The diegesis is completely different.  “If everyone was in an ordinary American high school”, using the diegesis of a different work altogether (the Arthurian legends are common, though more modern works are often used), “everyone is a crustacean”.  Also called “uber fic” from its canon establishment in Xena: Warrior Princess, and sometimes used in connection with reincarnation (say, the characters are reincarnated into the modern day where they are a pair of stockbrokers).

Crossover: A type of AU where multiple fandoms are included in a single fic.  May involve one fandom’s character(s) “crossing over” into the diegesis of another (often via supernatural effects; say, the Enterprise traveling through a dimensional rift to meet the Battlestar Galactica), or be set in a universe it is assumed both fandoms have always shared (such as placing the military in Stargate under the purview of the fictional presidential administration of The West Wing.)

Jossed: A term referring to a particular story element or fan theory being invalidated by further additions to canon, originating from Joss Whedon’s tendency to do this to anyone watching his shows. Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back, for example, jossed the theory that Darth Vader killed Luke’s father.

Lurker: Someone who watches the actions of a website, message board, fandom, or other group without participating.  Lurking for a while is generally recommended before starting to participate in a new community, as it lets you get a better idea of community norms without accidentally violating them in your first few posts.

Pimping: Promoting a work, usually by intejecting comments about it into otherwise unrelated discussions.  May be done by creators or fans.

Part II...  - For Slash, Mary Sues, LJ, FF.net and more.

Apparently we are too long for a single post. Oops!

z_eyes wide shut, fandom, glossary

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