Archegaie.
David Scott-Macnab. Medieval folk etymologizing and modern misconstruals of Old French archegaie // Zeitschrift für französische Sprache und Literatur 123(1):33-49. January 2013.
Determining precisely what is meant by the terms used for certain material objects in medieval sources can be fraught with difficulties. Authors of the period - whether of chronicles, poems, romances or wardrobe accounts - generally assume that their readers will know what particular words denote, and therefore rarely provide descriptive details that would help a modern audience to establish exactly what they might be referring to. We know in general terms, for example, that the Middle English word voge refers to a certain type of scythe or billhook, but precisely what distinguished this object from others of its kind is now a mystery. As with so many once-common medieval artifacts, the voge must have fallen into disuse, and then progressively into obscurity, so that all apprehension of its distinguishing characteristics faded from people's memories and is now unlikely to be recovered from the archaeological record. In consequence, even if examples of medieval voges survive in museums, or are represented in artworks of the period, we no longer have the capacity to identify them, and so our understanding of what they were must remain general rather than specific.
Scholars working with weapons terms will be familiar with such issues, as well as with the related difficulties of deciding whether a certain term might have more than one meaning, or whether it might be used in different contexts either in a looser or a more specific sense. In literary texts, the situation is further complicated by the way that authors, especially those employing rhyme or rhetorical figures, frequently use weapons terms rather more vaguely than would a soldier or an experert armourer.
...
By listing the different semantic values that have been assigned to Old French archegaie in the various sources cited above, the prevailing confusion over the meaning of the word becomes apparent. The suggested senses identified so far are, in no particular order:
- type of sword
- arrow
- dart (fired by a crossbow)
- javelin fired from a large crossbow (= a ballista?)
- (some sort of) crossbow
- type of lance used by the Moors
- short (or light) spear in the panoply of an archer
- light javelin
- lance employed by a light cavalryman (an estradiot)
Думаю, уважаемому oleggg888 понравится.
P.S. По наводке уважаемого М. Нечитайлова:
Scott-Macnab D. Lexical Borrowing and Code-Switching: The Case of archegay/hasegaye/harsegay in the Middle Ages and Later // Anglia. 2012. Vol. 130. P. 264-275.
Determining precisely what is meant by the terms used for certain material objects in medieval sources can be fraught with difficulties. Authors of the period - whether of chronicles, poems, romances or wardrobe accounts - generally assume that their readers will know what particular words denote, and therefore rarely provide descriptive details that would help a modern audience to establish exactly what they might be referring to. We know in general terms, for example, that the Middle English word voge refers to a certain type of scythe or billhook, but precisely what distinguished this object from others of its kind is now a mystery. As with so many once-common medieval artifacts, the voge must have fallen into disuse, and then progressively into obscurity, so that all apprehension of its distinguishing characteristics faded from people's memories and is now unlikely to be recovered from the archaeological record. In consequence, even if examples of medieval voges survive in museums, or are represented in artworks of the period, we no longer have the capacity to identify them, and so our understanding of what they were must remain general rather than specific.
Scholars working with weapons terms will be familiar with such issues, as well as with the related difficulties of deciding whether a certain term might have more than one meaning, or whether it might be used in different contexts either in a looser or a more specific sense. In literary texts, the situation is further complicated by the way that authors, especially those employing rhyme or rhetorical figures, frequently use weapons terms rather more vaguely than would a soldier or an experert armourer.
...
By listing the different semantic values that have been assigned to Old French archegaie in the various sources cited above, the prevailing confusion over the meaning of the word becomes apparent. The suggested senses identified so far are, in no particular order:
- type of sword
- arrow
- dart (fired by a crossbow)
- javelin fired from a large crossbow (= a ballista?)
- (some sort of) crossbow
- type of lance used by the Moors
- short (or light) spear in the panoply of an archer
- light javelin
- lance employed by a light cavalryman (an estradiot)
Думаю, уважаемому oleggg888 понравится.
P.S. По наводке уважаемого М. Нечитайлова:
Scott-Macnab D. Lexical Borrowing and Code-Switching: The Case of archegay/hasegaye/harsegay in the Middle Ages and Later // Anglia. 2012. Vol. 130. P. 264-275.