Большое спасибо! Идея о том, что полет, снижая экзогенную смертность, способствует отбору на долгую жизнь / медленное старение (и поэтому птицы и летучие мыши живут дольше нелетающих млеков такого же размера) - это вполне респектабельная, старая, классическая идея.
Первая попавшаяся ссылка: Munshi-Southa & Wilkinson, 2010. Bats and birds: Exceptional longevity despite high metabolic rates "...Evolutionary theories of longevity provide explanations for why bats and birds have evolved long lifespans. These theories predict that average lifespan should increase as the probability of death caused by extrinsic factors (e.g. accidents, infectious disease, and predation) decreases (Austad and Fischer, 1991). Deleterious mutations that act late in life will be exposed to relatively strong selection in populations that do not experience high extrinsic mortality at young ages (Austad, 1997), and thus will not accumulate over time. Antagonistic pleiotropy caused by late-acting deleterious mutations that have positive benefits early in life will also have a weaker impact on populations with low extrinsic mortality risk (Partridge, 2001). Experimental data supporting evolutionary theories are scarce, but natural “experiments” comparing insular vs. mainland populations of both marsupials (Austad, 1993) and mice (Harper, 2008, Miller et al., 2000) indicate that insular populations experiencing lower predation risk have evolved greater longevity. Ageing rates are directly related to mortality risk in birds and mammals (Ricklefs, 1998, Ricklefs and Scheuerlein, 2001), and flight is believed to be the primary characteristic that helps birds and bats avoid extrinsic mortality early in life (Holmes and Austad, 1994). "
Идея о том, что полет, снижая экзогенную смертность, способствует отбору на долгую жизнь / медленное старение (и поэтому птицы и летучие мыши живут дольше нелетающих млеков такого же размера) - это вполне респектабельная, старая, классическая идея.
Первая попавшаяся ссылка: Munshi-Southa & Wilkinson, 2010. Bats and birds: Exceptional longevity despite high metabolic rates
"...Evolutionary theories of longevity provide explanations for why bats and birds have evolved long lifespans. These theories predict that average lifespan should increase as the probability of death caused by extrinsic factors (e.g. accidents, infectious disease, and predation) decreases (Austad and Fischer, 1991). Deleterious mutations that act late in life will be exposed to relatively strong selection in populations that do not experience high extrinsic mortality at young ages (Austad, 1997), and thus will not accumulate over time. Antagonistic pleiotropy caused by late-acting deleterious mutations that have positive benefits early in life will also have a weaker impact on populations with low extrinsic mortality risk (Partridge, 2001). Experimental data supporting evolutionary theories are scarce, but natural “experiments” comparing insular vs. mainland populations of both marsupials (Austad, 1993) and mice (Harper, 2008, Miller et al., 2000) indicate that insular populations experiencing lower predation risk have evolved greater longevity. Ageing rates are directly related to mortality risk in birds and mammals (Ricklefs, 1998, Ricklefs and Scheuerlein, 2001), and flight is believed to be the primary characteristic that helps birds and bats avoid extrinsic mortality early in life (Holmes and Austad, 1994). "
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