C. Lloyd Morgan F.R.S., (1852-1936) Emergent evolution
The Gifford lectures delivered in the University of St. Andrews in the year 1922
Lecture II. Mental and non-mental
§ VI. Minding and that which is Minded.
...We have seen that the word “ mind ” may be used in three senses : first, as Mind or Spirit in reference to some Activity, for us God ; secondly, as a quality emergent at a high level of evolutionary advance ; and thirdly, as a psychical attribute that pervades all natural events in universal correlation. In what here follows I use the word in the second of these senses, i.e. as an emergent quality of correlates. I must here repeat that only in this sense is the word “ emergent ” in place or applicable ; for Mind as directive of emergent evolution does not emerge ; and mind as unrestricted and universal correlate is, in Spinoza’s terminology, that “ attribute ” of the world from which the mind we are now to consider emerges at its level in the hierarchical order. What the criteria of mind in this sense are must be reserved for later discussion.
...Consciousness as supervenient is a late product of emergent evolution. But when it comes-at any rate, when it reaches the reflective level in us-we can contemplate what goes on at all lower levels. We can have “ in mind,” as we say, chemical and physical events at the base of our pyramid.
Lecture II. Mental and non-mental
§ VI. Minding and that which is Minded.
...We have seen that the word “ mind ” may be used in three senses : first, as Mind or Spirit in reference to some Activity, for us God ; secondly, as a quality emergent at a high level of evolutionary advance ; and thirdly, as a psychical attribute that pervades all natural events in universal correlation. In what here follows I use the word in the second of these senses, i.e. as an emergent quality of correlates. I must here repeat that only in this sense is the word “ emergent ” in place or applicable ; for Mind as directive of emergent evolution does not emerge ; and mind as unrestricted and universal correlate is, in Spinoza’s terminology, that “ attribute ” of the world from which the mind we are now to consider emerges at its level in the hierarchical order. What the criteria of mind in this sense are must be reserved for later discussion.
...Consciousness as supervenient is a late product of emergent evolution. But when it comes-at any rate, when it reaches the reflective level in us-we can contemplate what goes on at all lower levels. We can have “ in mind,” as we say, chemical and physical events at the base of our pyramid.