Хуан Юаньцзе, художница и поэтесса
Хуан Юанцзе была родом из Цзясина. Точные годы ее жизни неизвестны, но она жила в конце эпохи Мин - начале эпохи Цин, то есть, в середине 17-го века. На протяжении всей своей жизни была лояльна династии Мин. Хотя она происходила из образованной семьи, вышла замуж за бедного. Во смутные времена падения династии Мин они с мужем потеряли друг друга. Ее семья не помогала ей, так что ей приходилось искать другие способы выжить. Она жила с богатыми подругами, например, Лю Жуши и другой поэтессой У Шань, а также продавала свои картины и стихи. Также ее поддерживали материально и мужчины из кругов лоялистов Мин.
Кто-то из друзей помог ей добраться на лодке до дома Шан Цзинлань, и она прожила там какое-то время. Эта встреча произвела сильное впечатление на обеих женщин. Шан Цзинлань написала целый цикл стихотворений, посвященных Хуан, и Хуан тоже отметила этот период в своих стихах.
Затем ее пригласили в Пекин работать домашней учительницей. Однако по дороге ее лодка перевернулась в Тяньцзине, и один из ее детей утонул. Другой ее ребенок позже умер в Пекине. Хуан тяжело заболела после этих потрясений и умерла в среднем возрасте до 1669 года.
Она выпустила несколько сборников стихотворений и других сочинений, но ни один из них не сохранился. Впрочем, сохранились некоторые ее картины и стихи, перепечатанные в антологиях.
Несколько стихотворений в переводе на английский:
Bitter Rain
When traveling, who can bear the wind and rain?
Homesickness pains me, I feel like a broken cloud.
Alone I climb the dilapidated tower and question Heaven's wisdom.
I laugh at my grieving face, afraid to look in the mirror.
Branches shiver, the flowers are cold, as orioles prepare to migrate.
My paint bag is empty, my writing brush has no hair, poems are hard to write.
I most lament the passage of youth, yet I go on living.
In the corner of the house a cricket sings, surprising my eccentric muse.
Больше под катом
Written to Accompany a Small Painting
I'm disinclined to climb a tall tower and observe distant green mountains.
For years I have preferred to close my door and paint from the heart.
Pale ink transmits a dimly visible landscape.
This lone peak lies somewhere between seen and unseen.Recording My Poverty on a Summer Day
At the bank of the lake the water rises, the xing plant looks like mist.
Swallows peck at duckweed threads, casting shadows in the water.
A high wall creates shadows, it shelters me from the sun.
The new lotuses have only small leaves, they are not yet in bloom.
Writing books does not cost anything in my mountain life,
But buying wine uses up the money I make selling my paintings.
My straitened circumstances must not be seen by the outside world.
Fortunately locust trees and willows provide a green cover over my head.
On the fifth day of spring, with Madame Qi [Shang Jinglan] and all her daughters, we converge on The Hall of Contemporary Classics to see a performance of ''The Fresh Cloud Child."
The east wind blows warmly around the magnificent hall in spring.
The table is set with fine cloths and mats, and foods from everywhere are set out.
Your progeny are all virtuous men of integrity.
As always, your female family members get along beautifully.
With red makeup and brocade sleeves the actresses come out before
the lanterns.
Mimicking sighs and laughter, they are charming and frail.
Twelve rows of matchless beauties
Enough to enchant three thousand guests arriving in pearl shoes.
We witness the shattering upheavals of the Central Plains,
In an instant we are exiles with broken hearts.
Our jokes and talk exceed the humor of Ju Meng.
Like New Year gods, these actresses amaze us with their brilliant
reputations.
Filling glasses and cutting meat, people bunch around the candles.
In one time, at one glance, it cannot all be taken in.
Song after song, word after word is new,
As beautiful women congregate to perform a New Year's play.(Три тысячи гостей в жемчужных туфлях - намек на легендарное празднество, устроенное Чуньшэнем.
Цзю Мэн - странствующий рыцарь эпохи Хань.
"Новогодние божки" - статуэтки божеств на Новый Год украшали и наряжали.)
In 1655, on the day of the Lantern Festival, Madame Wu [Zixia] invites me, Wang [Duanshu] and her sister Wang [Jingshu], along with Zhao Dongwei, Tao Gusheng, and all the members of their poetry society to gather at Fucui Studio. We wait for Qi Xiuyan and Zhang Wanxian [daughter and daughter-in-law of Shang Jinglan] who do not come, then we draw lots and get the character "yuan."
("юань" - означает "номер 1".)
Holding whisks, we're like immortals.
We gather for a feast on the Lantern Festival.
Talent flourishes, we promote ladies' learning,
Elegantly, we assemble at the Liang garden.
In the green of the bamboo, we can make out a long path.
The fragrance of flowers surrounds us everywhere.
Delicious dishes filled with elegant foods
It's as if we're sitting at the Peach Blossom Spring.
Ornamental candles add to the light of the torches;
Fine wine repeatedly brims over our cups.
When the moon is round we open the jeweled mirror;
When the lanterns are brilliant we spin a pearl rhyme wheel.
Who first comes up with a wonderful poem?
Obsessed by the character "yuan" we aim to phrase our thoughts.
Looking at each other, we find that much remains unsaid.
Saying goodbye, we sense the strength of our emotional ties.
(Peach Blossom Spring - идиллическая райская страна из легенд.)
TRANSLATION BY ELLEN WIDMER
