SPENCER, HERBERT (1820-1903), English philosopher.

...Spencer arrived at the second idea by generalizing Karl Ernst von Baer’s law that progress in individual organisms consisted in the passage from a homogeneous to a heterogeneous structure and applying that principle to all development. The development of the earth, of life on its surface, and of ( Read more... )

PSYCHOLOGY: Nineteenth Century Through Freud
...Phrenology was especially popular in the United States, where its concerns for individual differences and use of psychology in the service of business and social reform foreshadowed the course of German psychology in pragmatic America.
( Particularly in the United States, political and business leaders looked to science for new means of social control. )

Раздел II

Важнейшие теоретико-методологические устремления и размежевание в послеконтовской социологии XIX в.

Глава первая. Программа социологии Дж. С. Милля (Ковалев А. Д.)

3. Психологизм и зачатки социологического эволюционизма

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В связи с этим возникает вопрос, прогрессирует ли человек и общество? Как уже ясно из предыдущего изложения, Милль убежден ( Read more... )