(no subject)
Part three of Michel Foucault’s book Discipline and Punish, is broken up into three sections that address a number of different concepts on control and the body. In the first chapter, the techniques to manipulate bodies can be seen in the military and the body of the solider. We see earlier in the book the structural changes are dependent on the development of the bourgeoisie. With the expanding industrial revolution and working class, control was driven by a search for an economy of movement. Manipulation was to be uninterrupted, constant, and detailed, leading to a stress on “discipline”. These changes were about extracting maximum utility from people. “Political anatomy” and “mechanics of power” were developing simultaneously.
A unified technique emerged tendencies on control found in schools, hospitals and the military as solutions to various developments, such as an outbreak of disease, or industrial or military innovation. Foucault also brings spatial locations and confinement in to this analysis. Power became cellular, organic (classifying activities), genetic (taking place over time) and “combinatory” (167). Military tactics became a model for social order, a passive, docile and mechanical one. In the last section we see that training depends on careful observation, the rendering of objects as visible. All the prior details we discussed led to problems of co-ordination. Power is dispersed, seemingly objective, and appearing automatic and mechanical. Most organizations also had some system of penalties, punishment. The whole area of non-conformity gradually became punishable, and this too came to seem natural. Furthermore, the examination offers a “normalizing gaze” (184), which are central to exercising power. This is how the modern individual emerges.
A unified technique emerged tendencies on control found in schools, hospitals and the military as solutions to various developments, such as an outbreak of disease, or industrial or military innovation. Foucault also brings spatial locations and confinement in to this analysis. Power became cellular, organic (classifying activities), genetic (taking place over time) and “combinatory” (167). Military tactics became a model for social order, a passive, docile and mechanical one. In the last section we see that training depends on careful observation, the rendering of objects as visible. All the prior details we discussed led to problems of co-ordination. Power is dispersed, seemingly objective, and appearing automatic and mechanical. Most organizations also had some system of penalties, punishment. The whole area of non-conformity gradually became punishable, and this too came to seem natural. Furthermore, the examination offers a “normalizing gaze” (184), which are central to exercising power. This is how the modern individual emerges.