Тацит. "История".
Набег роксоланов на Мёзию. I.79
Латинский текст.
Conversis ad civile bellum animis externa sine cura habebantur. eo audentius Rhoxolani, Sarmatica gens, priore hieme caesis duabus cohortibus, magna spe Moesiam inruperant, ad novem milia equitum, ex ferocia et successu praedae magis quam pugnae intenta. igitur vagos et incuriosos tertia legio adiunctis auxiliis repente invasit. apud Romanos omnia proelio apta: Sarmatae dispersi aut cupidine praedae graves onere sarcinarum et lubrico itinerum adempta equorum pernicitate velut vincti caedebantur. namque mirum dictu ut sit omnis Sarmatarum virtus velut extra ipsos. nihil ad pedestrem pugnam tam ignavum: ubi per turmas advenere vix ulla acies obstiterit. sed tum umido die et soluto gelu neque conti neque gladii, quos praelongos utraque manu regunt, usui, lapsantibus equis et catafractarum pondere. id principibus et nobilissimo cuique tegimen, ferreis lamminis aut praeduro corio consertum, ut adversus ictus impenetrabile ita impetu hostium provolutis inhabile ad resurgendum; simul altitudine et mollitia nivis hauriebantur. Romanus miles facilis lorica et missili pilo aut lanceis adsultans, ubi res posceret, levi gladio inermem Sarmatam (neque enim scuto defendi mos est) comminus fodiebat, donec pauci qui proelio superfuerant paludibus abderentur. ibi saevitia hiemis aut vulnerum absumpti.
conti - контосы
gladii, quos praelongos utraque manu regunt - гладии, каковые очень длинные и двумя руками управляемые
catafractarum pondere - доспехи тяжелые
lorica - лорика. В данном случае скорее кольчуга.
pilo aut lanceis - пилумы или ланцеи
scuto - скутум. В данном случае, скорее всего, просто "щит".
Русский перевод тут - но он не особо хорош, переводчик добавил слишком много лишних слов, имхо. "Лорику" превратили в "легкий кожаный панцирь", "легкие гладии" в "короткие мечи".
Латинский текст и параллельный английский перевод из Loeb.
Английский перевод из Tacitus. The Histories // translated by Kenneth Wellesley ; revised with a new introduction by Rhiannon Ash. 2009.
On the Roman side everything was ready for a battle. Not so the Sarmatians. Scattered about through desire for plunder or laden with heavy spoils, while their swift horses were being slowed down because the tracks were slippery, the men were being slaughtered like chained prisoners. It is indeed amazing to report how all the courage of the Sarmatians depends on such an extraneous factor. They show unique cowardice when fighting on foot, but when advancing on horseback, scarcely any battleline could withstand them. However, this particular day was wet, and a thaw had set in. Neither their lances nor their enormous two-handed swords were of any use, because the horses lost their footing and the dismounted men were hampered by their heavy body-armour. Their chiefs and nobles wear this protective covering, which consists of iron-plating and extremely tough leather. Although it is impenetrable to blows, it is cumbersome for anyone trying to get up after being sent sprawling by an enemy charge. At the same time, the Sarmatians were being swallowed up in the deep, soft snow. The Roman soldiers moved easily in their breastplates and attacked by hurling their javelins or using their lances and, as occasion required, their lightweight swords. At close quarters they hacked at the unprotected Sarmatians (for it is not their custom to defend themselves with shields). Finally, a few men who had survived the battle took refuge in swampy country, where they succumbed to the severity of the weather or their wounds
Эта часть - единственное, что приходит на ум в связке с "доспехами отягощены" и странным нечто, которое utraque. Русских в указанные период могли выводить из сарматов-роксоланов. При трансляции, опять же, текст мог мутировать очень и очень сильно.
Текст Тацита был относительно широко доступен. К примеру - из издания 1471/2 года.
В 15 и начале 16 века было далеко не одно переиздание. К примеру - нужный фрагмент в книге 1519 года.
На нормальное доказательство такая связка, имхо, еще не тянет, но вот такие вот такие соображения получились.
Латинский текст.
Conversis ad civile bellum animis externa sine cura habebantur. eo audentius Rhoxolani, Sarmatica gens, priore hieme caesis duabus cohortibus, magna spe Moesiam inruperant, ad novem milia equitum, ex ferocia et successu praedae magis quam pugnae intenta. igitur vagos et incuriosos tertia legio adiunctis auxiliis repente invasit. apud Romanos omnia proelio apta: Sarmatae dispersi aut cupidine praedae graves onere sarcinarum et lubrico itinerum adempta equorum pernicitate velut vincti caedebantur. namque mirum dictu ut sit omnis Sarmatarum virtus velut extra ipsos. nihil ad pedestrem pugnam tam ignavum: ubi per turmas advenere vix ulla acies obstiterit. sed tum umido die et soluto gelu neque conti neque gladii, quos praelongos utraque manu regunt, usui, lapsantibus equis et catafractarum pondere. id principibus et nobilissimo cuique tegimen, ferreis lamminis aut praeduro corio consertum, ut adversus ictus impenetrabile ita impetu hostium provolutis inhabile ad resurgendum; simul altitudine et mollitia nivis hauriebantur. Romanus miles facilis lorica et missili pilo aut lanceis adsultans, ubi res posceret, levi gladio inermem Sarmatam (neque enim scuto defendi mos est) comminus fodiebat, donec pauci qui proelio superfuerant paludibus abderentur. ibi saevitia hiemis aut vulnerum absumpti.
conti - контосы
gladii, quos praelongos utraque manu regunt - гладии, каковые очень длинные и двумя руками управляемые
catafractarum pondere - доспехи тяжелые
lorica - лорика. В данном случае скорее кольчуга.
pilo aut lanceis - пилумы или ланцеи
scuto - скутум. В данном случае, скорее всего, просто "щит".
Русский перевод тут - но он не особо хорош, переводчик добавил слишком много лишних слов, имхо. "Лорику" превратили в "легкий кожаный панцирь", "легкие гладии" в "короткие мечи".
Латинский текст и параллельный английский перевод из Loeb.
Английский перевод из Tacitus. The Histories // translated by Kenneth Wellesley ; revised with a new introduction by Rhiannon Ash. 2009.
On the Roman side everything was ready for a battle. Not so the Sarmatians. Scattered about through desire for plunder or laden with heavy spoils, while their swift horses were being slowed down because the tracks were slippery, the men were being slaughtered like chained prisoners. It is indeed amazing to report how all the courage of the Sarmatians depends on such an extraneous factor. They show unique cowardice when fighting on foot, but when advancing on horseback, scarcely any battleline could withstand them. However, this particular day was wet, and a thaw had set in. Neither their lances nor their enormous two-handed swords were of any use, because the horses lost their footing and the dismounted men were hampered by their heavy body-armour. Their chiefs and nobles wear this protective covering, which consists of iron-plating and extremely tough leather. Although it is impenetrable to blows, it is cumbersome for anyone trying to get up after being sent sprawling by an enemy charge. At the same time, the Sarmatians were being swallowed up in the deep, soft snow. The Roman soldiers moved easily in their breastplates and attacked by hurling their javelins or using their lances and, as occasion required, their lightweight swords. At close quarters they hacked at the unprotected Sarmatians (for it is not their custom to defend themselves with shields). Finally, a few men who had survived the battle took refuge in swampy country, where they succumbed to the severity of the weather or their wounds
Эта часть - единственное, что приходит на ум в связке с "доспехами отягощены" и странным нечто, которое utraque. Русских в указанные период могли выводить из сарматов-роксоланов. При трансляции, опять же, текст мог мутировать очень и очень сильно.
Текст Тацита был относительно широко доступен. К примеру - из издания 1471/2 года.
В 15 и начале 16 века было далеко не одно переиздание. К примеру - нужный фрагмент в книге 1519 года.
На нормальное доказательство такая связка, имхо, еще не тянет, но вот такие вот такие соображения получились.