Diachronic & Synchronic
Diachronic - moving through time. I am evolving as a person, but the same "ME" is carried through my personal history. The Language of 16th century England has evolved into the language of 21st century England. Trace the differences, the evolutions of a given structure through time.
Synchronic - Synchronized. Studying all aspects of a particular linguistic structure at one particular moment in time. So, "I" appear to use one type of language that is synchronous with the self that "I" am today. Studying the structural aspects of an episteme at one particular point in time. Hence, synchrony was preferred to developmental discussions of Language by Structuralists. You don't know where "It" (the object of study) will go, what will become of "It"... the becoming ontology, or Poeisis, or Potenza and Potentia, the being of beings at a future date, is unknown to us now. What will be will be. All we can possibly know is what is now. There is an epistemological limit to "the knowable" beyond the conjuncture being studied.
Synchronic - Synchronized. Studying all aspects of a particular linguistic structure at one particular moment in time. So, "I" appear to use one type of language that is synchronous with the self that "I" am today. Studying the structural aspects of an episteme at one particular point in time. Hence, synchrony was preferred to developmental discussions of Language by Structuralists. You don't know where "It" (the object of study) will go, what will become of "It"... the becoming ontology, or Poeisis, or Potenza and Potentia, the being of beings at a future date, is unknown to us now. What will be will be. All we can possibly know is what is now. There is an epistemological limit to "the knowable" beyond the conjuncture being studied.