(no subject)
Chapter Summary:
1. Foreword
2. Introduction
3. Effects on Environment
a.) Atmosphere
1.) The Ozone Layer
b.) Water
c.) Earth
4. Effects that come from printing
a.)Ink
b.)Paper
c.)Chemicals
d.)Energy
5. Brief Summary why we should employ an EMS
6. History of EMAS, BS7550 & ISO14001
7. Main Points of an EMAS
8. Look to the future with Quality and Environment as one.
9. Alternatives to chemicals etc
10. Feedback from Industry
11. Conclusion
12. Bibliography
1::Foreword:
In this project I intend to study the effects on the environment from printing. One of my aims is to show the effects of pollution and mainly ones that come from printing. In this project I want to explain how an EMS can help improve a businesses waste and how to handle pollution. I will also explain the main points of each system, why it is important in today to employ an EMS and the routes to gaining a certificate. I intend to also research the routes of EMS being included within QMS's
I also intend to research and show alternatives to chemicals and raw materials within printing.
I will also prepare a questionnaire for companies to see which EMS’s are used in industry.
2::Introduction:
”Wednesday March 30, 2005 Quotes Taken From Herald Newspaper
Two-thirds of world's resources 'used up'
The wetlands, forests, savannahs, estuaries, coastal fisheries and other habitats that recycle air, water and nutrients for all living creatures are being irretrievably damaged
"Human activity is putting such a strain on the natural functions of Earth that the ability of the planet's ecosystems to sustain future generations can no longer be taken for granted," it says.
Flow from rivers has been reduced dramatically. For parts of the year, the Yellow River in China, the Nile in Africa and the Colorado in North America dry up before they reach the ocean. An estimated 90% of the total weight of the ocean's large predators - tuna, swordfish and sharks - has disappeared in recent years. An estimated 12% of bird species, 25% of mammals and more than 30% of all amphibians are threatened with extinction within the next century. Some of them are threatened by invaders.
· Water withdrawals from lakes and rivers have doubled in the last 40 years. Humans now use between 40% and 50% of all available freshwater running off the land.”
Environment is a strong concern in the year 2005; it seems that as humans we have long ignored the facts and warnings about depleting resources and damage to the environment. This is why for my integrated research project I have chosen to study the effects of printing to the environment and what the printing industry can do help conserve the environment and its own business as a result of this. In this report I will be studying the effects of man on the environment and issues such as Air, Water and Earth. I will also be looking at what printing contributes to the downfall of the environment. I will then be looking at EMS’s a basic introduction of what they are and when they started, how they can be easily set up. I will also study further and look at alternatives to chemicals and paper.
3::Effects on Environment:
There are many effects that have happened through industry and other factors. Here is an introduction on the basic parts of the environment we must preserve.
:: The Atmosphere
The atmosphere is a complex mixture of gasses that embodies and protects the planet. It provides us with the oxygen; it protects us from harmful radiation from the sun, movements in the atmosphere, winds, dilute and dissipates harmful gasses produces both by industry and by natural processes such as volcanism. The atmosphere seems huge but of course, it is finite and the volume of polluting gases and vapours that the human race is pumping into it is growing.
At low levels, solvent vapour emissions can combine with car exhaust emissions under the influence of sun light to produce so called ‘photochemical’ smog. This is a toxic and irritating mixture which can cause serious respiratory illness in man and other animals. This condition is prevalent where large numbers of motor vehicles occur in proximity to heavy industry in areas where high levels of sunshine are experienced.
Acid rain slightly higher up, in the region where clouds form and rain originates acid fumes from industry dissolve in the droplets of water which then fall as acid rain. Acid rain has the property of dissolving otherwise insoluble toxic elements in the soil which then poison growing plants. Huge swathes of forest in Eastern Europe have been killed by acid rain and the problem is not getting any better.
At mid levels solvent vapours are acted on by sunlight and broken down by a process called photolysis. The end products of these reactions are water and carbon dioxide. Solvent vapours therefore directly contribute to the increasing levels of carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere and by inference to the problem of global warming.
In the topmost reaches of the atmosphere is the ozone layer which protects us from hard UV radiation.
Damage to the atmosphere by human activities is a real and present danger. We have high levels of skin cancer and respiratory disease, changing climate and the destruction of forests by acid rain.
1. Foreword
2. Introduction
3. Effects on Environment
a.) Atmosphere
1.) The Ozone Layer
b.) Water
c.) Earth
4. Effects that come from printing
a.)Ink
b.)Paper
c.)Chemicals
d.)Energy
5. Brief Summary why we should employ an EMS
6. History of EMAS, BS7550 & ISO14001
7. Main Points of an EMAS
8. Look to the future with Quality and Environment as one.
9. Alternatives to chemicals etc
10. Feedback from Industry
11. Conclusion
12. Bibliography
1::Foreword:
In this project I intend to study the effects on the environment from printing. One of my aims is to show the effects of pollution and mainly ones that come from printing. In this project I want to explain how an EMS can help improve a businesses waste and how to handle pollution. I will also explain the main points of each system, why it is important in today to employ an EMS and the routes to gaining a certificate. I intend to also research the routes of EMS being included within QMS's
I also intend to research and show alternatives to chemicals and raw materials within printing.
I will also prepare a questionnaire for companies to see which EMS’s are used in industry.
2::Introduction:
”Wednesday March 30, 2005 Quotes Taken From Herald Newspaper
Two-thirds of world's resources 'used up'
The wetlands, forests, savannahs, estuaries, coastal fisheries and other habitats that recycle air, water and nutrients for all living creatures are being irretrievably damaged
"Human activity is putting such a strain on the natural functions of Earth that the ability of the planet's ecosystems to sustain future generations can no longer be taken for granted," it says.
Flow from rivers has been reduced dramatically. For parts of the year, the Yellow River in China, the Nile in Africa and the Colorado in North America dry up before they reach the ocean. An estimated 90% of the total weight of the ocean's large predators - tuna, swordfish and sharks - has disappeared in recent years. An estimated 12% of bird species, 25% of mammals and more than 30% of all amphibians are threatened with extinction within the next century. Some of them are threatened by invaders.
· Water withdrawals from lakes and rivers have doubled in the last 40 years. Humans now use between 40% and 50% of all available freshwater running off the land.”
Environment is a strong concern in the year 2005; it seems that as humans we have long ignored the facts and warnings about depleting resources and damage to the environment. This is why for my integrated research project I have chosen to study the effects of printing to the environment and what the printing industry can do help conserve the environment and its own business as a result of this. In this report I will be studying the effects of man on the environment and issues such as Air, Water and Earth. I will also be looking at what printing contributes to the downfall of the environment. I will then be looking at EMS’s a basic introduction of what they are and when they started, how they can be easily set up. I will also study further and look at alternatives to chemicals and paper.
3::Effects on Environment:
There are many effects that have happened through industry and other factors. Here is an introduction on the basic parts of the environment we must preserve.
:: The Atmosphere
The atmosphere is a complex mixture of gasses that embodies and protects the planet. It provides us with the oxygen; it protects us from harmful radiation from the sun, movements in the atmosphere, winds, dilute and dissipates harmful gasses produces both by industry and by natural processes such as volcanism. The atmosphere seems huge but of course, it is finite and the volume of polluting gases and vapours that the human race is pumping into it is growing.
At low levels, solvent vapour emissions can combine with car exhaust emissions under the influence of sun light to produce so called ‘photochemical’ smog. This is a toxic and irritating mixture which can cause serious respiratory illness in man and other animals. This condition is prevalent where large numbers of motor vehicles occur in proximity to heavy industry in areas where high levels of sunshine are experienced.
Acid rain slightly higher up, in the region where clouds form and rain originates acid fumes from industry dissolve in the droplets of water which then fall as acid rain. Acid rain has the property of dissolving otherwise insoluble toxic elements in the soil which then poison growing plants. Huge swathes of forest in Eastern Europe have been killed by acid rain and the problem is not getting any better.
At mid levels solvent vapours are acted on by sunlight and broken down by a process called photolysis. The end products of these reactions are water and carbon dioxide. Solvent vapours therefore directly contribute to the increasing levels of carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere and by inference to the problem of global warming.
In the topmost reaches of the atmosphere is the ozone layer which protects us from hard UV radiation.
Damage to the atmosphere by human activities is a real and present danger. We have high levels of skin cancer and respiratory disease, changing climate and the destruction of forests by acid rain.