Чаевые - 2
Мне в свое время попадалось исследование, в котором набрали группу людей, которм нравилось то-то делать в свое удовольствие, как хобби. И вот им начали платить деньги за их детельность. А потом перестали - и исследование показало, то в отсутствие оплаты эта группа перестала заниматься своим хобби.
Не могу вспомнить ни одной фамилии и не могу найти ссылку на результаты эксперимента.
Но вот Википедия утверждает, что связь между чаевыми и качеством обслуживания слабая, зато размер чаевых зависит от пола, возраста, размера груди и привлекательности персонала:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gratuity
From a theoretical economic point of view, gratuities may solve the principal-agent problem[5] (the situation in which an agent, such as a server, is working for a principal, such as a restaurant owner or manager) and many managers believe that tips provide incentive for greater worker effort.[6] However, studies of the practice in America suggest that tipping is often discriminatory or arbitrary: workers receive different levels of gratuity based on factors such as age, sex, race, hair color and even breast size, and the size of the gratuity is found to be only very weakly related to the quality of service.[7][8]
В странах, где чаевые платить не принято, качесто обслуживания такое же.
А 5 мотиваций платить чаевые:
- показать свою крутость
- дополнить зарплату официанта и осчастливить его
- улучшить качество обслуживани на будущее
- избежать неодобрения официанта
- чувство долга
Tipping researcher Michael Lynn identifies five motivations for tipping:[14]
In countries such as Australia and Japan where tips are not given, the service is found to be as good as in America.[8]
Чаевые должны облагаться налогом, но многие избегают уплаты налогов. В общем, с моей кочки зрения это порочная практика со всех сторон.
Камышовый Кот привел пример доплаты медработникам в прошлом посте.
Исследования показали, что бонусы и доплаты негативно влияют на качество работы:
https://hbr.org/1993/09/why-incentive-plans-cannot-work
As for productivity, at least two dozen studies over the last three decades have conclusively shown that people who expect to receive a reward for completing a task or for doing that task successfully simply do not perform as well as those who expect no reward at all. These studies examined rewards for children and adults, males and females, and included tasks ranging from memorizing facts to creative problem-solving to designing collages. In general, the more cognitive sophistication and open-ended thinking that was required, the worse people performed when working for a reward.
https://qz.com/work/1176046/why-companies-should-get-rid-of-performance-bonuses-theyre-bunk/
As authors such as Alfie Kohn have noted, the scientific consensus today is much more in line with what we all know from our personal experience: while it’s certainly possible for humans to be externally motivated (i.e. by the prospect of a reward or fear of a punishment), not only is it possible for them to be internally motivated (i.e. they are motivated to pursue X simply because they have their own reasons to want to pursue X), but the overwhelming evidence is that internal motivation is much stronger than external motivation. But that’s not all: there is experimental evidence from countless fields that external motivation destroys internal motivation. In other words, if someone is internally motivated to do a thing, and then you tell them you will give them a bonus for doing that thing, they will lose their internal motivation to do the thing.
Доплачивая медработникам, мы убиваем их мотивацию работать вообще, и создаем ожидание того, что им _должны_ доплачивать. А также нежелание работать только за зарплату. Дело ваше, я проголосовала ногами больше 10 лет назад как раз чтобы не участвовать в этой системе.
Не могу вспомнить ни одной фамилии и не могу найти ссылку на результаты эксперимента.
Но вот Википедия утверждает, что связь между чаевыми и качеством обслуживания слабая, зато размер чаевых зависит от пола, возраста, размера груди и привлекательности персонала:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gratuity
From a theoretical economic point of view, gratuities may solve the principal-agent problem[5] (the situation in which an agent, such as a server, is working for a principal, such as a restaurant owner or manager) and many managers believe that tips provide incentive for greater worker effort.[6] However, studies of the practice in America suggest that tipping is often discriminatory or arbitrary: workers receive different levels of gratuity based on factors such as age, sex, race, hair color and even breast size, and the size of the gratuity is found to be only very weakly related to the quality of service.[7][8]
В странах, где чаевые платить не принято, качесто обслуживания такое же.
А 5 мотиваций платить чаевые:
- показать свою крутость
- дополнить зарплату официанта и осчастливить его
- улучшить качество обслуживани на будущее
- избежать неодобрения официанта
- чувство долга
Tipping researcher Michael Lynn identifies five motivations for tipping:[14]
- Showing off
- To supplement the server's income and make them happy
- For improved future service
- To avoid disapproval from the server
- A sense of duty
In countries such as Australia and Japan where tips are not given, the service is found to be as good as in America.[8]
Чаевые должны облагаться налогом, но многие избегают уплаты налогов. В общем, с моей кочки зрения это порочная практика со всех сторон.
Камышовый Кот привел пример доплаты медработникам в прошлом посте.
Исследования показали, что бонусы и доплаты негативно влияют на качество работы:
https://hbr.org/1993/09/why-incentive-plans-cannot-work
As for productivity, at least two dozen studies over the last three decades have conclusively shown that people who expect to receive a reward for completing a task or for doing that task successfully simply do not perform as well as those who expect no reward at all. These studies examined rewards for children and adults, males and females, and included tasks ranging from memorizing facts to creative problem-solving to designing collages. In general, the more cognitive sophistication and open-ended thinking that was required, the worse people performed when working for a reward.
https://qz.com/work/1176046/why-companies-should-get-rid-of-performance-bonuses-theyre-bunk/
As authors such as Alfie Kohn have noted, the scientific consensus today is much more in line with what we all know from our personal experience: while it’s certainly possible for humans to be externally motivated (i.e. by the prospect of a reward or fear of a punishment), not only is it possible for them to be internally motivated (i.e. they are motivated to pursue X simply because they have their own reasons to want to pursue X), but the overwhelming evidence is that internal motivation is much stronger than external motivation. But that’s not all: there is experimental evidence from countless fields that external motivation destroys internal motivation. In other words, if someone is internally motivated to do a thing, and then you tell them you will give them a bonus for doing that thing, they will lose their internal motivation to do the thing.
Доплачивая медработникам, мы убиваем их мотивацию работать вообще, и создаем ожидание того, что им _должны_ доплачивать. А также нежелание работать только за зарплату. Дело ваше, я проголосовала ногами больше 10 лет назад как раз чтобы не участвовать в этой системе.