геоминоритарная викторина
Общие и/или специальные права евреев как меньшинства в явном виде зафиксированы в конституциях 5 стран. Угадайте каких (ответы под катом). Если не лень, напишите какие из этих стран вы угадали и какие угадали неправильно.
Ответ: Египет, Иран, Македония, Хорватия, Южная Африка.
(в конституции России упоминается Еврейская автономная область как административная единица, но ни де юре, ни де факто к правам меньшинств это отношения не имеет)
Египет
ARTICLE 3. CHRISTIAN AND JEWISH RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS
The principles of the laws of Egyptian Christians and Jews are the main source of laws regulating their personal status, religious affairs, and selection of spiritual leaders.
Иран
ARTICLE 13
Zoroastrian, Jewish, and Christian Iranians are the only recognized religious minorities, who, within the limits of the law, are free to perform their religious rites and ceremonies, and to act according to their own canon in matters of personal affairs and religious education.
ARTICLE 64
...
The Zoroastrians and Jews will each elect one representative; Assyrian and Chaldean Christians will jointly elect one representative; and Armenian Christians in the north and those in the south of the country will each elect one representative.
Македония
AMENDMENT VII
1. The Macedonian Orthodox Church, as well as the Islamic Religious Community in Macedonia, the Catholic Church, Evangelical Methodist Church, the Jewish Community and other Religious communities and groups are separate from the state and equal before the law.
2. The Macedonian Orthodox Church, as well as the Islamic Religious Community in Macedonia, the Catholic Church, Evangelical Methodist Church, the Jewish Community and other Religious communities and groups are free to establish schools and other social and charitable institutions, by way of a procedure regulated by law.
Хорватия
I. HISTORICAL FOUNDATIONS
...
Considering the presented historical facts and universally accepted principles of the modern world, as well as the inalienable and indivisible, non-transferable and non-exhaustible right of the Croatian nation to self-determination and state sovereignty, including its fully maintained right to secession and association, as basic provisions for peace and stability of the international order, the Republic of Croatia is hereby established as the nation state of the Croatian nation and the state of the members of its national minorities: Serbs, Czechs, Slovaks, Italians, Hungarians, Jews, Germans, Austrians, Ukrainians, Rusyns, Bosniaks, Slovenians, Montenegrins, Macedonians, Russians, Bulgarians, Poles, Roma, Romanians, Turks, Vlachs, Albanians and others who are its citizens and who are guaranteed equality with citizens of Croatian nationality and the exercise of their national rights in compliance with the democratic norms of the United Nations and the countries of the free world.
Южная Африка
5. A Pan South African Language Board established by national legislation must-
a.promote, and create conditions for, the development and use of-
i.all official languages;
ii.the Khoi, Nama and San languages; and
iii.sign language; and
b.promote and ensure respect for-
i.all languages commonly used by communities in South Africa, including German, Greek, Gujarati, Hindi, Portuguese, Tamil, Telegu and Urdu; and
ii.Arabic, Hebrew, Sanskrit and other languages used for religious purposes in South Africa.
Ответ: Египет, Иран, Македония, Хорватия, Южная Африка.
(в конституции России упоминается Еврейская автономная область как административная единица, но ни де юре, ни де факто к правам меньшинств это отношения не имеет)
Египет
ARTICLE 3. CHRISTIAN AND JEWISH RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS
The principles of the laws of Egyptian Christians and Jews are the main source of laws regulating their personal status, religious affairs, and selection of spiritual leaders.
Иран
ARTICLE 13
Zoroastrian, Jewish, and Christian Iranians are the only recognized religious minorities, who, within the limits of the law, are free to perform their religious rites and ceremonies, and to act according to their own canon in matters of personal affairs and religious education.
ARTICLE 64
...
The Zoroastrians and Jews will each elect one representative; Assyrian and Chaldean Christians will jointly elect one representative; and Armenian Christians in the north and those in the south of the country will each elect one representative.
Македония
AMENDMENT VII
1. The Macedonian Orthodox Church, as well as the Islamic Religious Community in Macedonia, the Catholic Church, Evangelical Methodist Church, the Jewish Community and other Religious communities and groups are separate from the state and equal before the law.
2. The Macedonian Orthodox Church, as well as the Islamic Religious Community in Macedonia, the Catholic Church, Evangelical Methodist Church, the Jewish Community and other Religious communities and groups are free to establish schools and other social and charitable institutions, by way of a procedure regulated by law.
Хорватия
I. HISTORICAL FOUNDATIONS
...
Considering the presented historical facts and universally accepted principles of the modern world, as well as the inalienable and indivisible, non-transferable and non-exhaustible right of the Croatian nation to self-determination and state sovereignty, including its fully maintained right to secession and association, as basic provisions for peace and stability of the international order, the Republic of Croatia is hereby established as the nation state of the Croatian nation and the state of the members of its national minorities: Serbs, Czechs, Slovaks, Italians, Hungarians, Jews, Germans, Austrians, Ukrainians, Rusyns, Bosniaks, Slovenians, Montenegrins, Macedonians, Russians, Bulgarians, Poles, Roma, Romanians, Turks, Vlachs, Albanians and others who are its citizens and who are guaranteed equality with citizens of Croatian nationality and the exercise of their national rights in compliance with the democratic norms of the United Nations and the countries of the free world.
Южная Африка
5. A Pan South African Language Board established by national legislation must-
a.promote, and create conditions for, the development and use of-
i.all official languages;
ii.the Khoi, Nama and San languages; and
iii.sign language; and
b.promote and ensure respect for-
i.all languages commonly used by communities in South Africa, including German, Greek, Gujarati, Hindi, Portuguese, Tamil, Telegu and Urdu; and
ii.Arabic, Hebrew, Sanskrit and other languages used for religious purposes in South Africa.