Близость истории - женщина, выжившая в Кишиневском погроме, умерла пять лет назад.
Goldie Steinberg, the sixth-oldest person in the world and the oldest Jew whose age has been verified, passed away yesterday at age 114 in Long Beach, N.Y. She was just two months shy of her 115th birthday and remained mentally sharp until her last moments. Born Oct. 30, 1900 in Kishinev in the Russian Empire (today, Chisinau, Moldova), Steinberg was a survivor of the infamous 1903 Kishinev pogrom, during which 47 Jews were killed and hundreds more wounded; a second, smaller one, took place in 1905. Steinberg was likely the last living survivor of the massacres. “We were saved by a Russian neighbor who made sure nothing would happen to us,” she recalled during an interview in the fall of 2013. “He told them that we weren’t Jewish.” https://www.chabad.org/news/article_cdo/aid/3035891/jewish/Goldie-Steinberg-Worlds-Oldest-Jewish-Person-Passes-Away-at-114.htm
Сестра убежденного антисемита Паволакия Крушевана, Анастасия Курушеван, стала правоверной еврейкой по имени Сара Боренштейн и поселилась в Балтиморе.
Bob Goldfarb: In Pogrom, you document how Pavel Krushevan, an anti-Semitic newspaper publisher in Kishinev, fabricated the “Protocols of the Elders of Zion” - and you uncovered some facts about his life that were previously unknown. It’s quite a breakthrough. What led you there? Steven Zipperstein: It was really accidental. Many authors of the first books about the “Protocols” had no idea that the Kishinev version had even been published. Later an Italian scholar demonstrated that the word endings in the book version of the “Protocols”indicate quite clearly that it had originated in or around Bessarabia. I was able to connect that version to the pogrom. A superb German scholar, Michael Hagemeister, mentioned to me that a Moldovan Jewish journalist in Brookline, Massachusetts had something, and I was in Boston on my way to Moldova the next day. I called this man and asked him if I could come by. I’m sitting in his living room, and from a shelf in his living room, he takes a large white folder, massively packed with documents, and I begin to leaf through it. What I discovered are treasures. BG: What was in the folder, and where did he get it? SZ: The archive came to the journalist because he was writing a history of an insane asylum at the edge of Chisinau (Kishinev), and he had befriended a nephew of Krushevan’s. The nephew admired his uncle, and Krushevan gave the nephew his most sensitive papers, documenting financial misdeeds, shenanigans, bankruptcies. Still more surprising was his diary, written at the age of 15 or 16. He’s staying with relatives in Odessa, and he’s having joyous sex with a Cossack - they come in only one gender. And he declares that he wishes he had been born “a lady.” BG: Did the documents shed any light on the man he became? SZ: Krushevan is one of the great totems of anti-capitalist, homophobic, anti-Semitic attitudes. I also discovered that Krushevan’s life was spent in close proximity to Jews. His stepsister had run off with a Jew, moved to Baltimore, and is pictured in a Russian-language newspaper as an Orthodox Jew living a Jewish life with her husband. What’s more, from the age of two, Krushevan was raised by a stepmother who was Jewish. https://www.jewishbookcouncil.org/pb-daily/creating-coherence-out-of-formlessness
According to the Forward story, Mrs. Borenstein now lives in Baltimore, Maryland, and is a pious Jewish woman. She was born in Kishinev in 1882, the daughter of a wealthy Christian by his second wife. Peter Krushevan, her half-brother, was twenty years old at the time. The flickers of anti-Semitism, which by the time Anastasia was seventeen, had already begun to show in Peter’s writing published in his daily paper, Bessarabetz, were fanned into flame when a Jewish actress to whom he had taken a liking “stood him up”. At the same time, Krushevan learned that his sister had become infatuated with Chaim Borenstein, son of a Jewish shochet, in a neighboring town. A jealous friend of Anastasia’s told Krushevan of the affair and he, like his parents, beat her and threatened to drive her from their home. The two lovers eloped, Borenstein finding work in a Bessarabian saw-mill. Krushevan, in his paper, published daily attacks upon the couple and accused the Jews of Kishinev of hiding Anastasia, whose whereabouts he was unable to discover. Finally Krushevan offered a reward of five hundred rubles to anyone who would find his sister dead or alive. Rumors of the reward reached the young couple and they changed their hiding place. Then Krushevan threatened Borenstein’s parents. When they heard of the threats, Chaim and Anastasia decided to leave Russia and emigrate to the United States. Due to illness their plans were delayed and they were still in Bessarabia when Borenstein’s parents and a brother were killed in the first pogrom in Vishkan, near Kishinev. Only a sister was saved, but not before the hooligans had cut off one of her arms. Three days later the Kishinev pogroms began, on the first day of Passover, 1903. Anastasia became officially converted to Judaism and assumed the name Sarah. She and Borenstein were married by a rabbi. Later they managed to steal across the Russian border and sailed for the United States, arriving here in September, 1903. To help his wife acquire Jewish tradition, speech and characteristics, Borenstein became a sexton in a synagogue. However, the suspicion that Sarah was a convert began to gain ground and the Borensteins moved to a locality where they were unknown, Mrs. Borenstein told the Forward. They settled in a mixed neighborhood in Baltimore. Mr. Borenstein’s sister, Lea, whom Krushevan’s murdering bands maimed, lives with them. Sarah Borenstein told the Forward reporter that she believes it must have been pre-ordained that a living reminder of her brother’s bloody deeds be ever before her eyes, in her home. Lea is a spinster and a mute. The Borenstein’s have no children. https://www.jta.org/1933/12/17/archive/convert-to-judaism-says-brothers-balked-love-led-to-kishinev-pogrom
Близость истории - женщина, выжившая в Кишиневском погроме, умерла пять лет назад.
Goldie Steinberg, the sixth-oldest person in the world and the oldest Jew whose age has been verified, passed away yesterday at age 114 in Long Beach, N.Y. She was just two months shy of her 115th birthday and remained mentally sharp until her last moments.
Born Oct. 30, 1900 in Kishinev in the Russian Empire (today, Chisinau, Moldova), Steinberg was a survivor of the infamous 1903 Kishinev pogrom, during which 47 Jews were killed and hundreds more wounded; a second, smaller one, took place in 1905. Steinberg was likely the last living survivor of the massacres.
“We were saved by a Russian neighbor who made sure nothing would happen to us,” she recalled during an interview in the fall of 2013. “He told them that we weren’t Jewish.”
https://www.chabad.org/news/article_cdo/aid/3035891/jewish/Goldie-Steinberg-Worlds-Oldest-Jewish-Person-Passes-Away-at-114.htm
Reply
Bob Goldfarb: In Pogrom, you document how Pavel Krushevan, an anti-Semitic newspaper publisher in Kishinev, fabricated the “Protocols of the Elders of Zion” - and you uncovered some facts about his life that were previously unknown. It’s quite a breakthrough. What led you there?
Steven Zipperstein: It was really accidental. Many authors of the first books about the “Protocols” had no idea that the Kishinev version had even been published. Later an Italian scholar demonstrated that the word endings in the book version of the “Protocols”indicate quite clearly that it had originated in or around Bessarabia. I was able to connect that version to the pogrom. A superb German scholar, Michael Hagemeister, mentioned to me that a Moldovan Jewish journalist in Brookline, Massachusetts had something, and I was in Boston on my way to Moldova the next day. I called this man and asked him if I could come by. I’m sitting in his living room, and from a shelf in his living room, he takes a large white folder, massively packed with documents, and I begin to leaf through it. What I discovered are treasures.
BG: What was in the folder, and where did he get it?
SZ: The archive came to the journalist because he was writing a history of an insane asylum at the edge of Chisinau (Kishinev), and he had befriended a nephew of Krushevan’s. The nephew admired his uncle, and Krushevan gave the nephew his most sensitive papers, documenting financial misdeeds, shenanigans, bankruptcies. Still more surprising was his diary, written at the age of 15 or 16. He’s staying with relatives in Odessa, and he’s having joyous sex with a Cossack - they come in only one gender. And he declares that he wishes he had been born “a lady.”
BG: Did the documents shed any light on the man he became?
SZ: Krushevan is one of the great totems of anti-capitalist, homophobic, anti-Semitic attitudes. I also discovered that Krushevan’s life was spent in close proximity to Jews. His stepsister had run off with a Jew, moved to Baltimore, and is pictured in a Russian-language newspaper as an Orthodox Jew living a Jewish life with her husband. What’s more, from the age of two, Krushevan was raised by a stepmother who was Jewish.
https://www.jewishbookcouncil.org/pb-daily/creating-coherence-out-of-formlessness
Reply
According to the Forward story, Mrs. Borenstein now lives in Baltimore, Maryland, and is a pious Jewish woman. She was born in Kishinev in 1882, the daughter of a wealthy Christian by his second wife. Peter Krushevan, her half-brother, was twenty years old at the time. The flickers of anti-Semitism, which by the time Anastasia was seventeen, had already begun to show in Peter’s writing published in his daily paper, Bessarabetz, were fanned into flame when a Jewish actress to whom he had taken a liking “stood him up”.
At the same time, Krushevan learned that his sister had become infatuated with Chaim Borenstein, son of a Jewish shochet, in a neighboring town. A jealous friend of Anastasia’s told Krushevan of the affair and he, like his parents, beat her and threatened to drive her from their home.
The two lovers eloped, Borenstein finding work in a Bessarabian saw-mill. Krushevan, in his paper, published daily attacks upon the couple and accused the Jews of Kishinev of hiding Anastasia, whose whereabouts he was unable to discover. Finally Krushevan offered a reward of five hundred rubles to anyone who would find his sister dead or alive.
Rumors of the reward reached the young couple and they changed their hiding place. Then Krushevan threatened Borenstein’s parents. When they heard of the threats, Chaim and Anastasia decided to leave Russia and emigrate to the United States.
Due to illness their plans were delayed and they were still in Bessarabia when Borenstein’s parents and a brother were killed in the first pogrom in Vishkan, near Kishinev. Only a sister was saved, but not before the hooligans had cut off one of her arms.
Three days later the Kishinev pogroms began, on the first day of Passover, 1903.
Anastasia became officially converted to Judaism and assumed the name Sarah. She and Borenstein were married by a rabbi. Later they managed to steal across the Russian border and sailed for the United States, arriving here in September, 1903.
To help his wife acquire Jewish tradition, speech and characteristics, Borenstein became a sexton in a synagogue. However, the suspicion that Sarah was a convert began to gain ground and the Borensteins moved to a locality where they were unknown, Mrs. Borenstein told the Forward.
They settled in a mixed neighborhood in Baltimore. Mr. Borenstein’s sister, Lea, whom Krushevan’s murdering bands maimed, lives with them. Sarah Borenstein told the Forward reporter that she believes it must have been pre-ordained that a living reminder of her brother’s bloody deeds be ever before her eyes, in her home. Lea is a spinster and a mute.
The Borenstein’s have no children.
https://www.jta.org/1933/12/17/archive/convert-to-judaism-says-brothers-balked-love-led-to-kishinev-pogrom
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