IST 396 Response to Chp. 1-3:
Chapter 1- An Invitation
Brief history of formal education:
-even today tens of millions of the worlds children do not progress beyond the fifth grade in their formal education
Agricultural age-
-major paradigm shift: the development of the three R's: reading, writing and arithmetic 5,000 years ago in Sumer
-powerful aids to the human mind
-so powerful that they are still a major focus in today's educational system
-despite these huge changes most people received little or no schooling
Industrial age-
-huge influx of workers from farms to the city leading to the development and PUBLIC EDUCATION-this was a major shift!!!
-these early school environments were factory-like, and this is still common in many parts of the world.
Information age-
-science and technology progress continues to increase
-a toddler completing college 20 years from now may see human knowledge quadruple: this points to the futility of basing an education system on rote memory.
-todays schools are placing more emphasis on higher-order cognition and problem solving, and helping each student to learn to be a lifelong learner
Chapter 2-Inventing the Future
Aids to human physical and mental performance-
-aids to human physical performance= stone axe ,car , train, cars, airplanes
-aids to human mental performance= reading, writing and arithmetic
-four important ideas about tools
1) it does not take an Einstein to develop to learn to use a tool once it has been invented
2) the amount of time/effort needed to learn to use tool various according to tool and learner
3) tools change tool users and the societies in which they live
4)education systems aim to develop a high level of expertise within a field…thus they learn to more effectively use the physical and mental tools that are appropriate to the discipline
Information and communication technology(ICT)-
-ICT includes wide range of computer and telecommunications hardware/software
-ICT is an aid to enhancing human performance on physical and mental tasks and a formal education can help this process take place
Inventing your future-
-gain increased understanding of ICT in education
-gain understanding of your personal role in ICT in education
-develop Long Range Strategic Plan(LRSP) for achieving goals of future
-implement LRSP
-we are all inventors
-being an inventor consists of 4 steps:
1)find difference between how things are and how you want them to be
2)develop plan to correct situation
3)implement plan
4)monitor progress towards achieving your goal
-as you work to invent your ICT in your classroom be realistic because educational systems are highly resistant to change. By making changes you many face substantial resistance by others around you.
-the key is getting groups of administrators/teachers/parents to create the greatest likelihood for success of implementing any changes
Chapter 3- Some General Background Information
Brain/mind science-
-in past couple decades it has been agreed upon that the brain/mind are one
-computer can be thought of as an auxiliary brain
To improve education-
-people who talk about improving education talk about 2 things:
1)discuss current goals of education and how to better accomplish these goals
2)discuss the goals themselves
-improve education with:
1)better accomplishing current goals of education
2)invest into research education and its supporting disciplines such s Brain/Mind Science
3)modify, add and delete some of current goals
4)major paradigm shifts to allow us to approach old/new goals different manner
-ICT provides variety of aids to making progress in reaching education goals
Three general goals of education-
1)acquisition and retention of knowledge and skills
2)understanding of one's acquired knowledge and skills
3) active use of one's acquired knowledge and skills
More details on goals of education-
-goals that are schools should achieve, but aren't necessarily:
1) show evidence of understanding, not just recall
2)engage in activities that create personal meaning through reflection
3)apply knowledge in real world contexts
4)engage in active participation, exploration and research
5)teachers utilize the diversity of the students experience to build effective learning experiences
6)students receive challenging curriculum designed to develop depth of understanding
7)assessment tasks that exhibit higher-order thinking in students
Academic disciplines-
-a discipline is a coherent area of human endeavor
-two main challenges to incorporating ICT into educational system:
1)it would take significant time restructuring, curriculum revision, and teacher retraining to bring students to a similar level of knowledge as to what students know about the three R's
2)ICT is a rapidly changing field, and our educational system has never had to deal with such a rapidly moving target
Some learning theories-
-constructivism is a learning theory that states that new knowledge and skills are built upon one's current knowledge and skills
-it's a major challenge to implement this learning theory because each person has different knowledge and skills
-transfer of learning deals with transferring one's knowledge and skills from one problem-solving situation to another
-high road transfer involves cognitive understanding, mindfulness, conscious analysis and application of strategies that cut across disciplines
Overview of ICT uses in teaching and learning=
-four general areas: curriculum content, instructional processes, assessment and accountability, and support and capacity building professional staff
-curriculum-students learn to use the tools of ICT and they learn about subject area called Computers and Informational Science, and they learn ICT is becoming part of the content of each discipline in their curriculum
-pedagogy-technology that helps in the delivery of instruction to students: books, movies, audio recordings, radio, television, overhead projector and whiteboard
-assessment and accountability-brings important new dimension to assessment: computer-assisted testing is an interactive form of testing
-support and growth of professional staff- ICT can be learned on the job and it provides important aids to learning
Brief history of formal education:
-even today tens of millions of the worlds children do not progress beyond the fifth grade in their formal education
Agricultural age-
-major paradigm shift: the development of the three R's: reading, writing and arithmetic 5,000 years ago in Sumer
-powerful aids to the human mind
-so powerful that they are still a major focus in today's educational system
-despite these huge changes most people received little or no schooling
Industrial age-
-huge influx of workers from farms to the city leading to the development and PUBLIC EDUCATION-this was a major shift!!!
-these early school environments were factory-like, and this is still common in many parts of the world.
Information age-
-science and technology progress continues to increase
-a toddler completing college 20 years from now may see human knowledge quadruple: this points to the futility of basing an education system on rote memory.
-todays schools are placing more emphasis on higher-order cognition and problem solving, and helping each student to learn to be a lifelong learner
Chapter 2-Inventing the Future
Aids to human physical and mental performance-
-aids to human physical performance= stone axe ,car , train, cars, airplanes
-aids to human mental performance= reading, writing and arithmetic
-four important ideas about tools
1) it does not take an Einstein to develop to learn to use a tool once it has been invented
2) the amount of time/effort needed to learn to use tool various according to tool and learner
3) tools change tool users and the societies in which they live
4)education systems aim to develop a high level of expertise within a field…thus they learn to more effectively use the physical and mental tools that are appropriate to the discipline
Information and communication technology(ICT)-
-ICT includes wide range of computer and telecommunications hardware/software
-ICT is an aid to enhancing human performance on physical and mental tasks and a formal education can help this process take place
Inventing your future-
-gain increased understanding of ICT in education
-gain understanding of your personal role in ICT in education
-develop Long Range Strategic Plan(LRSP) for achieving goals of future
-implement LRSP
-we are all inventors
-being an inventor consists of 4 steps:
1)find difference between how things are and how you want them to be
2)develop plan to correct situation
3)implement plan
4)monitor progress towards achieving your goal
-as you work to invent your ICT in your classroom be realistic because educational systems are highly resistant to change. By making changes you many face substantial resistance by others around you.
-the key is getting groups of administrators/teachers/parents to create the greatest likelihood for success of implementing any changes
Chapter 3- Some General Background Information
Brain/mind science-
-in past couple decades it has been agreed upon that the brain/mind are one
-computer can be thought of as an auxiliary brain
To improve education-
-people who talk about improving education talk about 2 things:
1)discuss current goals of education and how to better accomplish these goals
2)discuss the goals themselves
-improve education with:
1)better accomplishing current goals of education
2)invest into research education and its supporting disciplines such s Brain/Mind Science
3)modify, add and delete some of current goals
4)major paradigm shifts to allow us to approach old/new goals different manner
-ICT provides variety of aids to making progress in reaching education goals
Three general goals of education-
1)acquisition and retention of knowledge and skills
2)understanding of one's acquired knowledge and skills
3) active use of one's acquired knowledge and skills
More details on goals of education-
-goals that are schools should achieve, but aren't necessarily:
1) show evidence of understanding, not just recall
2)engage in activities that create personal meaning through reflection
3)apply knowledge in real world contexts
4)engage in active participation, exploration and research
5)teachers utilize the diversity of the students experience to build effective learning experiences
6)students receive challenging curriculum designed to develop depth of understanding
7)assessment tasks that exhibit higher-order thinking in students
Academic disciplines-
-a discipline is a coherent area of human endeavor
-two main challenges to incorporating ICT into educational system:
1)it would take significant time restructuring, curriculum revision, and teacher retraining to bring students to a similar level of knowledge as to what students know about the three R's
2)ICT is a rapidly changing field, and our educational system has never had to deal with such a rapidly moving target
Some learning theories-
-constructivism is a learning theory that states that new knowledge and skills are built upon one's current knowledge and skills
-it's a major challenge to implement this learning theory because each person has different knowledge and skills
-transfer of learning deals with transferring one's knowledge and skills from one problem-solving situation to another
-high road transfer involves cognitive understanding, mindfulness, conscious analysis and application of strategies that cut across disciplines
Overview of ICT uses in teaching and learning=
-four general areas: curriculum content, instructional processes, assessment and accountability, and support and capacity building professional staff
-curriculum-students learn to use the tools of ICT and they learn about subject area called Computers and Informational Science, and they learn ICT is becoming part of the content of each discipline in their curriculum
-pedagogy-technology that helps in the delivery of instruction to students: books, movies, audio recordings, radio, television, overhead projector and whiteboard
-assessment and accountability-brings important new dimension to assessment: computer-assisted testing is an interactive form of testing
-support and growth of professional staff- ICT can be learned on the job and it provides important aids to learning