Encyclopedia of Psychology Alan E. Kazdin, PhD, Editor-in-Chief
MOTIVATION : Assessment
...Research on implicit motives has focused primarily on three motives: the need for achievement (striving toward excellence), the need for affiliation (striving to make and keep friends), and the need for power.
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For instance, individuals high in a need for achievement tend to set high aspirations, take moderate risks, and enjoy entrepreneurial success (McClelland, 1985). Power-oriented individuals are concerned with attaining status and prestige, choose as friends persons low in power motivation, and are highly promiscuous in heterosexual relationships (McClelland. 1985). People high in the need for affiliation are more people focused. They spend more time visiting friends, writing letters, and making phone calls than do less affiliative individuals
…They are termed middle level in that they are typically at a middle level of abstraction in a structural hierarchy, and can be concretized with reference to specific activities and situations and generalized with reference to higher order themes and meanings in life. They represent affectively charged goals and themes that are central to the person’s life while emerging from and determining the nature of the person’s transactions with their social worlds. Cantor and Zirkel (1990) have eloquently argued that these middle-level units are cognitive in that they are organized around individuals’ beliefs about themselves and their relationships: their autobiographies and identities, and their projects, tasks, and concerns that give meaning to life.
период - я знаю чего хочу и хочу известного... ликвидация мечт...
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Results showed that having a large number of power-related daily goals was related to poorer subjective well-being. In addition, individuals whose goals were more achievement related tended to respond more strongly to achievement events. In addition, those whose goals were more affiliative tended to be more responsive to interpersonal events. That is, their daily mood was more dependent on the ups and downs of their relationships
меня никто не слушает! а меня никто не замечает!
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Self-defining memories (Singer & Salovey, 1993) are a subset of autobiographical memories that are affectively intense, vividly recalled, and repetitively experienced.
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