Linguistics; gender and language, part 2; "gendered" brain research

Feb 09, 2006 14:29

The research reports that have been coming out in recent years about the alleged neuroanatomical differences between male human brains and female human brains (and the accompanying discussions of why those alleged differences exist), make me nervous. The articles and "medical moments" that have been coming out in the mass media based loosely on ( Read more... )

Leave a comment

michaelsullivan February 9 2006, 15:58:16 UTC
This has been bugging me about "scientific" conclusions in the popular media for a long time. Even reasonable sample sizes don't offer conclusive evidence if there's only been one study on a particular question. I feel much more comfortable talking about results as "known" when we've seen 3 or 4 studies by different authors, or with very different methodologies, which all show the same (significant) result. It's a real problem in medicine where the ethical issues make studies of significant sample size on real humans incredibly expensive. It's rare to see an experiment actually confirmed, because there's no money or prestige in saying that some other guy's result was okay. That sort of confirmation waits until something is already in common practice based on the previous single study, and someone can go back and data mine. And how often does the original study then turn out to be wrong? Too often.

And you get fields like sociobiology, where there are a few very interesting results, sometimes on short samples, rarely duplicated a lot, and the actual scientists in the field all realize that the existing evidence is still quite speculative. But then along comes a popularizer like Robert Wright who basically says
"Most of these people would say the results are still premature, but they're just being nitpicky scientists who won't be happy until the whole world has duplicated their experiments. These things are basically true." And the popular media picks it up without even that caveat, and you get people suggesting that questioning claims based on the latest speculative sb experiment puts you in the bin with creationists - "It's an empirical FACT".

If only we actually had *science* education in the schools, rather than regurgitation of known results.

My rant here is done. :)

Reply

Response to michaelsullivan... ozarque February 9 2006, 16:06:36 UTC
I don't perceive it as a rant; I second all your motions. And I don't know what the solution is. There's no way to get everyone to read the original research papers, even if they've had sufficiently valid science education to know how to deal with the terminology problems. And there's no way for a scientist to do an interview with a journalist and keep the journalist from grabbing whatever "has legs" and running with it. Refusing to do interviews because you know you'll be misunderstood and misquoted -- and unable to straighten out the mess because there's no mass media forum for that purpose -- is a sure way to find yourself without funding for your research. It's intricate, and there aren't any easy answers.

Reply

Re: Response to michaelsullivan... dteleki February 9 2006, 18:10:06 UTC
This problem doesn't just happen with science. (Not that mistakes in journalism are an unknown problem). My father is an economist specializing in agricultural chemicals, and he was once interviewed by USA Today. He went on and on about phosphate rock mines opening and closing, and explosions in factories, and corporate mergers. The article in USA Today ended up saying, among other things, that you should buy your lawn fertilizer now, because the price is going to go up.

Of course, my father never mentioned lawn fertilizer. He was talking about prices of unit-train sized lots. A "unit train" is a freight train with 100 identical hopper cars. The price of lawn fertilizer at gardening stores consists almost entirely of middleman costs and transportation costs, and the wholesale price of the chemicals has almost nothing to do with it.

This sort of silliness happened only rarely when he was interviewed by industry publications, such as Chemical Week. But it did happen occasionally.

Reply

Possible solutions ashnistrike February 9 2006, 18:36:32 UTC
You can teach people how to be skillfully suspicious of lay articles, even without making them track down the original. The very first assignment I give in Intro Psych, right after the methodology lecture, is to go find a newspaper or magazine article about a scientific study. Then they have to identify three issues that aren't sufficiently described in the article, that could completely change the interpretation of the results if you knew about them. It's a very simple assignment; there's no reason that it couldn't be a regular part of a high school science curriculum.

Attacking the other end of the problem, my school (a technical/engineering institute) has just started a science journalism major. The goal is to produce science reporters who know what they're talking about and value communicating it clearly.

Reply

Re: Possible solutions... response to ashnistrike.... ozarque February 9 2006, 21:23:27 UTC
There's one problem that I wish you'd mention to whoever is in charge of planning for the science journalism major -- just because it's likely to be overlooked.

At least half of the time when I'm interviewed as a linguist I find it necessary to say something like this to the journalist: "I'll be glad to answer that question, but it's important for you to know that the answer doesn't represent my own work. It comes from the work of [name of scientist and/or scholar who should be credited]." Followed by my spelling that scientist's name if it's not obvious, and identifying him or her in any other way that's appropriate. And every single time, the interview or article comes out without the statement crediting that person.

I understand that journalists try to trim all the fat out of what they write, and that their space is limited. What they aren't aware of, however (and no reason why they should be, if nobody has ever told them), is that after the piece appears I will get a batch of e-mail accusing me of trying to take credit for somebody else's work. I can (and do) answer every single one, explaining that I didn't do that intentionally, that the journalist was given the correct information but chose to leave it out, and so on. But that doesn't fix matters, and for every person who actually bothers to write me and complain there are sure to be several who just read the piece, notice that I'm shown taking credit for somebody else's, and form their opinion of me accordingly. This happens to enough linguists (and I assume in other fields as well) to make many of us reluctant to talk to a journalist. There must be a better way to handle it.

Congratulations to your school for setting up this program; that's good news.

Reply

Re: Possible solutions... response to ashnistrike.... ashnistrike February 9 2006, 23:07:42 UTC
Good point. The majors are required to take several science classes in a variety of areas, so if they don't at least know how to make a citation then several of us are doing something wrong. But they may not know the problems that it causes the interviewee when they fail to do so. (I didn't know, as no one's ever bothered to interview me.) Right now the major is in the process of being setting up (we just agreed to form it last semester), but when I know who's in charge I'll pass the suggestion on.

Reply


Leave a comment

Up