WSJ Blogs - "
Defaults
Account for Most of Pared Down Debt"
The sharp decline in U.S. household debt over the past
couple years has conjured up images of people across the country tightening
their belts in order to pay down their mortgages and credit-card balances. A
closer look, though, suggests a different picture: Some are defaulting, while
the rest aren’t making much of a dent in their debts at all.
Over the two years ending June 2010, the total value
of home-mortgage debt and consumer credit outstanding has fallen by about $610
billion, to $12.6 trillion, according to the Federal Reserve. That’s an annualized
decline of about 2.3%, which is pretty impressive given the fact that such debts
grew at an annualized rate in excess of 10% over the previous decade.
There are two ways, though, that the debts can decline: People can pay off existing
loans, or they can renege on the loans, forcing the lender to charge them off.
As it happens, the latter accounted for almost all the decline. Our own analysis
of data from the Fed and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. suggests that
over
the two years ending June 2010, banks and other lenders charged off a total
of about $588 billion in mortgage and consumer loans.
That means consumers managed to shave off only $22
billion in debt through the kind of belt-tightening we typically envision. In
other words, in the absence of defaults, they would have achieved an annualized
decline of only 0.08%.
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