Rape Culture and the Occupy X Protests
Cross-posted from my less personal blog. If you want to link please use this one: http://mhuzzell.wordpress.com/2011/11/03/rape-culture-and-the-occupy-x-protests/
Like many feminists, I've been incredibly dismayed not only at the flood of reports of sexual harassment, assault and even rape in the Occupy camps, but also at many of the Occupiers' responses to them. It is, of course, completely unacceptable for the camps to distance themselves from women who have been raped, and to shame and chastise them for even thinking of taking action to protect themselves in the way that they've been taught to their whole lives -- namely, calling the police. And it is absolutely shameful that so many of these incidents have been intentionally downplayed or even hidden by the protesters in an attempt to keep the movement from "looking bad" (as if it didn't look worse to simply ignore the sexual harassment problems).
However, I have also been disappointed by the response of some of those who have been similarly appalled by the situation. Sadly, many of the articles and commentaries voicing a strong critique of the sexual safety within the camps, and the camps' responses to them, have proposed the same dead-end solution: end the occupations.
This response seems kind of bizarre when you compare the situation to many analogous ones, which don't involve protests. If someone is sexually harassed or assaulted within a company, for instance, no one expects that company to be dissolved; they expect the perpetrator to be dealt with and the organization itself to continue. Or at more physically similar events -- say, a large outdoor concert, or one of these music festivals the kids are all so fond of these days -- when someone is raped or sexually assaulted, the situation is dealt with, and the show goes on. And in ordinary life, if, say, one person rapes another in a dark alley, WE BLAME THE RAPIST, NOT THE DARK ALLEY. Or at least we should, because blaming the physical situation is really, really uncomfortably close to blaming the victim h/erself.
Furthermore, it is not clear to me what, exactly, ending the occupations would accomplish other than muffling the voices of thousands of rightfully angry citizens. The sad truth is that, in a misogynistic society such as we live in, any situation in which women are placed in vulnerable positions, in crowds, and especially where they are sleeping in relatively exposed places, many will take this opportunity to sexually assault them (and some men, too). I am not a fatalist; I do not think this is in any way 'inevitable', nor do I think that the fact that it does happen is an excuse for allowing it to. However, it is important to acknowledge that it does, and that these atrocities are not unique to the Occupy camps. People are sexually assaulted all the time -- at concerts, at festivals, at parties surrounded by friends and acquaintances. And no one would argue that this is a reason not to have concerts, or festivals, or parties; nor should they.
I am skeptical, too, about some of the outrage against the anti-police sentiments of many of the Occupy protesters. Personally, I would never condemn someone for calling or going to the police when they felt their safety was in danger, quite simply because that is how we are taught to react, and for most people, reaching for these perceived authority figures is an act of self-defence. At the same time, it must be acknowledged that the police and the courts have an extremely bad track record when it comes to dealing with rape reports -- often harassing survivors so badly that they have sometimes said that the results of making the report were almost as bad as the rape itself -- which is among the reasons so many rapes go unreported. Unless there happens to be an officer on hand to actually stop the assault from taking place, there's probably not much they're going to be able or willing to do to help you. The system of legal redress for sexual crimes is hopelessly broken (if 'broken' is even a term that can apply to a system that has been weighted against the victims from the beginning; that has never brought anything like justice or healing to survivors, delivering only petty vengeance at best, and a humiliating ordeal at worst or in addition). Given this inefficacy, and the fact that many people -- especially long-time activists, the poor, and people of colour -- have either been physically or sexually assaulted themselves by police, or have had it happen to those close to them (not to mention the police violence that has already been inflicted on several of the Occupy camps themselves), it is hardly surprising that many wish to find other ways of dealing with the problem of sexual attacks in the camp communities that they are creating, to develop their own systems of security.
What, then, is the solution? I have to admit, I don't really know. It's easy enough to name the source of the problem: patriarchy, misogyny, and (duh) the perpetrators of sexual attacks themselves. But I have no more idea of how to prevent sexual attacks in the Occupations than in any other area of life. The basic advice seems to be the same: 1) Don't sexaully harass, assault, or rape anyone (simple!); 2) If you witness a sexual attack taking place, INTERVENE -- say something, do something, call for help, call the attacker out on their behaviour, even (or especially) if it is as "subtle" as leering, making inappropriate comments, or using sexually threatening body language and the like; 3) When you see your comrades (or "passers-by" or "free lunchers" who are, like, totally unconnected with the camp, obvs) engaging in sexist language or behaviour, or voicing sexist opinions, CALL THEM OUT ON IT. This last is the more long-term solution, as obviously calling someone out on their sexist language today is probably not going to stop them raping someone tonight, but if complete non-tolerance of sexism becomes the norm, then (and only then) we will have hoisted ourselves out of the rape culture, and THAT will have a serious impact in reducing rape and other sexual assault and harassment.
Finally, it's worth pointing out that, as spaces in which people are trying to build an intentional sense of community and communitarian spirit, the Occupy camps are exceptionally good places to practice this sort of community-based rape prevention. They're certainly better suited to tackle sexual assault problems than, say, a music festival or a concert or even most larger house parties. The first step, though, is for the protesters to acknowledge the problem and tackle it head-on; if they continue to equivocate and distance themselves from those who have been sexually harassed and attacked within the camps, then they will only perpetuate the rape culture of the wider world. They will sow discontent among themselves and, ultimately, the movement will fail. There can be no class liberation without women's liberation. We can't wait until after The Revolution to tackle patriarchy. We have to do it NOW.
Like many feminists, I've been incredibly dismayed not only at the flood of reports of sexual harassment, assault and even rape in the Occupy camps, but also at many of the Occupiers' responses to them. It is, of course, completely unacceptable for the camps to distance themselves from women who have been raped, and to shame and chastise them for even thinking of taking action to protect themselves in the way that they've been taught to their whole lives -- namely, calling the police. And it is absolutely shameful that so many of these incidents have been intentionally downplayed or even hidden by the protesters in an attempt to keep the movement from "looking bad" (as if it didn't look worse to simply ignore the sexual harassment problems).
However, I have also been disappointed by the response of some of those who have been similarly appalled by the situation. Sadly, many of the articles and commentaries voicing a strong critique of the sexual safety within the camps, and the camps' responses to them, have proposed the same dead-end solution: end the occupations.
This response seems kind of bizarre when you compare the situation to many analogous ones, which don't involve protests. If someone is sexually harassed or assaulted within a company, for instance, no one expects that company to be dissolved; they expect the perpetrator to be dealt with and the organization itself to continue. Or at more physically similar events -- say, a large outdoor concert, or one of these music festivals the kids are all so fond of these days -- when someone is raped or sexually assaulted, the situation is dealt with, and the show goes on. And in ordinary life, if, say, one person rapes another in a dark alley, WE BLAME THE RAPIST, NOT THE DARK ALLEY. Or at least we should, because blaming the physical situation is really, really uncomfortably close to blaming the victim h/erself.
Furthermore, it is not clear to me what, exactly, ending the occupations would accomplish other than muffling the voices of thousands of rightfully angry citizens. The sad truth is that, in a misogynistic society such as we live in, any situation in which women are placed in vulnerable positions, in crowds, and especially where they are sleeping in relatively exposed places, many will take this opportunity to sexually assault them (and some men, too). I am not a fatalist; I do not think this is in any way 'inevitable', nor do I think that the fact that it does happen is an excuse for allowing it to. However, it is important to acknowledge that it does, and that these atrocities are not unique to the Occupy camps. People are sexually assaulted all the time -- at concerts, at festivals, at parties surrounded by friends and acquaintances. And no one would argue that this is a reason not to have concerts, or festivals, or parties; nor should they.
I am skeptical, too, about some of the outrage against the anti-police sentiments of many of the Occupy protesters. Personally, I would never condemn someone for calling or going to the police when they felt their safety was in danger, quite simply because that is how we are taught to react, and for most people, reaching for these perceived authority figures is an act of self-defence. At the same time, it must be acknowledged that the police and the courts have an extremely bad track record when it comes to dealing with rape reports -- often harassing survivors so badly that they have sometimes said that the results of making the report were almost as bad as the rape itself -- which is among the reasons so many rapes go unreported. Unless there happens to be an officer on hand to actually stop the assault from taking place, there's probably not much they're going to be able or willing to do to help you. The system of legal redress for sexual crimes is hopelessly broken (if 'broken' is even a term that can apply to a system that has been weighted against the victims from the beginning; that has never brought anything like justice or healing to survivors, delivering only petty vengeance at best, and a humiliating ordeal at worst or in addition). Given this inefficacy, and the fact that many people -- especially long-time activists, the poor, and people of colour -- have either been physically or sexually assaulted themselves by police, or have had it happen to those close to them (not to mention the police violence that has already been inflicted on several of the Occupy camps themselves), it is hardly surprising that many wish to find other ways of dealing with the problem of sexual attacks in the camp communities that they are creating, to develop their own systems of security.
What, then, is the solution? I have to admit, I don't really know. It's easy enough to name the source of the problem: patriarchy, misogyny, and (duh) the perpetrators of sexual attacks themselves. But I have no more idea of how to prevent sexual attacks in the Occupations than in any other area of life. The basic advice seems to be the same: 1) Don't sexaully harass, assault, or rape anyone (simple!); 2) If you witness a sexual attack taking place, INTERVENE -- say something, do something, call for help, call the attacker out on their behaviour, even (or especially) if it is as "subtle" as leering, making inappropriate comments, or using sexually threatening body language and the like; 3) When you see your comrades (or "passers-by" or "free lunchers" who are, like, totally unconnected with the camp, obvs) engaging in sexist language or behaviour, or voicing sexist opinions, CALL THEM OUT ON IT. This last is the more long-term solution, as obviously calling someone out on their sexist language today is probably not going to stop them raping someone tonight, but if complete non-tolerance of sexism becomes the norm, then (and only then) we will have hoisted ourselves out of the rape culture, and THAT will have a serious impact in reducing rape and other sexual assault and harassment.
Finally, it's worth pointing out that, as spaces in which people are trying to build an intentional sense of community and communitarian spirit, the Occupy camps are exceptionally good places to practice this sort of community-based rape prevention. They're certainly better suited to tackle sexual assault problems than, say, a music festival or a concert or even most larger house parties. The first step, though, is for the protesters to acknowledge the problem and tackle it head-on; if they continue to equivocate and distance themselves from those who have been sexually harassed and attacked within the camps, then they will only perpetuate the rape culture of the wider world. They will sow discontent among themselves and, ultimately, the movement will fail. There can be no class liberation without women's liberation. We can't wait until after The Revolution to tackle patriarchy. We have to do it NOW.