If you're a native speaker of English, your voiced stops are probably voiceless in initial position anyway. Just pronounce /twul/ as if spelled "dool" and it will probably come out fine. (Though--particularly if you're American--make sure the vowel is fully rounded and not fronted, as it is in many dialect. Also, I think most Koreans would use a "clear" rather than "dark" l finally, which is why I've written [l], but I'm fairly sure I've heard [ɫ] as well and it wouldn't be misunderstood in any case.)
Korean has three series of obstruents. In Yale, they are written /C/, /Ch/ and /CC/. (That is: plain consonant, consonant + h, and consonant doubled.) How these are labeled varies, particularly for the third case. For instance, Wikipedia calls them "plain", "aspirated", and "tense", respectively. (Other terms for the last series include "geminate", "emphatic", and "glottal[ised
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Um, I thought I took care of that by, you know, not indicating aspiration on them...
In point of fact, though, I've recently read that for at least some speakers they are aspirated initially, just not as much or in the same way as the so-called "aspirated" series. I'll see if I can't scrounge up some further details.
Here's the money quote from p. 62 of Lee & Ramsey's The Korean language (Albany, 2000):In initial position all three series are unvoiced. There is no voicing contrast in Korean. The lax, or "plain" consonants are pronounced in initial position with a slight puff of air and a voicing delay of about 30 to 50 m[illi]sec[onds], while the aspirated consonants are pronounced with strong aspiration lasting about 100 msec. In most varieties of English, voiceless consonants are pronounced with about 70 to 85 msec. of voicing delay and aspiration, about midway between the Korean values; as a result, English speakers are often unable to hear the distinction between the lax and aspirated consonants. So aspirate them if you want, just not as much as you would English initial voiceless stops.
Um, I thought I took care of that by, you know, not indicating aspiration on them...
*shrugs*
Phonetic transcriptions vary; some are broad and some are narrow. For example, for English I might not indicate aspiration as it generally correlates with voicelessness in stops (certainly word-initially).
/hana/
/twul/
/seys/
/neys/
/tases/
/yeses/
/ilkop/
/yetelp/
/ahop/
/yel/
As for IPA, YMMV. I (not a native speaker) say something like this:
['hɑnɑ]
['tul]
['sɛt]
['nɛt]
['tɑsɤt]
['jɤsɤt]
['ilgop]
['jɤdɤl]
['ɑop]
['jɤl]
(Note that final stops should be unreleased. I'm afraid I was having trouble getting the correct diacritic to display.)
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Thank you so much!
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Thank you :)
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PS: I circumvently revealed in front of the Structure of Spanish class today that Judith invented Sonority Sequencing! It was fun. :)
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Were they as dumbfounded as you me and everyone else was?
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In point of fact, though, I've recently read that for at least some speakers they are aspirated initially, just not as much or in the same way as the so-called "aspirated" series. I'll see if I can't scrounge up some further details.
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So aspirate them if you want, just not as much as you would English initial voiceless stops.
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*shrugs*
Phonetic transcriptions vary; some are broad and some are narrow. For example, for English I might not indicate aspiration as it generally correlates with voicelessness in stops (certainly word-initially).
I was just trying to be helpful.
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