Текст по английскому "Информационные системы"
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Information systems
A computer is a machine, which performs a sequence of reasonable operations on information. It can take in and store information becouse the hardware inside the machine expresses logical and arithmetical relations such as adding, comparing, selecting, matching and others. A computer can also put out information and display answers. Software is computer instructions and programs.
Programming for a computer requers:
1) understanding the operations of a business and scientific calculations;
2) knowing all the commands for a computer to solve the problem;
3) good translating of these commands into a computer language.
Programming for a computer, has a several forms: one form is the construction of compiling programs to accept instructions instead of words and translate them into the machine language, the third form is the development of common languages for automatic programming into instruction code.
The information systems provide information to management acurately at the relevant time and at an economica cost. Information is given according to the nature and sphere of operations (applications), for example, it may be applied to manufacturing tour busines and others. Information varies according to the position of management structure. Information must represent requred etails, broad scope and key factors of economic, and financial trends. It helps to apply necessary measures to control business action.
Information systems are often computerized because of the need to raspond quickly and flexibly to quiries. Information systems present internal information such as sales, production, stock data and documents invoices and statement ect.
External information are sales trends, forecast and budget. Information systems monitor the performance of business as a whole. There are a lot of creative things being done with paint software, word-processing and DTP (desktop publishing) systems, and the like.
A computer is a powerful tool and any software makes performance of work easier, faster, more creative or more cost effective. It helps to read the market very closely. Sphere of its application is very versatile. Computer programs may be little and simple but they can help to perform complex tasks. Software developers are trying to exceed the capability of the avaible software to accomplish complex tasks for users.
They are interested in off-the-shelf applications for all customers.