Сусия против Сусии
25 июля 2015 года состоялась самая массовая демонстрация в поддержку арабской деревни Сусия (Susiya) в пустыне Негев: израильские власти вновь выдали распоряжение о сносе этой деревни. Четыре автобуса и машины демонстрантов создали пробку посреди пустыни.
В конце пути дорога разветвляется, и указатель направляет к Сусии, но к другой - к израильскому поселению с тем же названием, существовавшему с римских и византийских времен.
1500 лет назад евреи жили здесь в пещерах, таких же, что и палестинцы в 20 веке, пока в 1986 году израильская армия не изгнала их, объявив пещеры местом археологических раскопок.
К арабской Сусии нет указателя: для израильских властей ее не существует. Деревню разрушали много раз. В мае 2015 года Верховный суд отклонил петицию палестинцев о временном приостановлении действия приказа о разрушении строений.
Бетонная крыша резервуара для дождевой воды стала трибуной с микрофонами и палестинским флагом. Говорит бывший палестинский министр Мустафа Баргути:
"Через 67 лет после палестинской Накбы она всё еще продолжается! Они хотят изгнать жителей Сусии с их земли! Разве мы может это допустить? Когда пал режим апартеида в Южной Африке, Нельсон Мандела сказал, что борьба не окончена. Ее следующим этапом станет борьба палестинцев. Мы здесь, и мы будем бороться, пока Палестина не станет свободной".
Житель Сусии Насер Наваджа (Nasser Nawaj'ah) обратился к гостям на иврите:
"Мы приветствуем вас в Сусии, которая не сдается. Наша борьба длится десятилетия. В 1982 году мы создали на нашей земле поселение. В 1982 году они изгнали нас из пещер, объявив их местом археологических раскопок. Мы ушли в отрытое поле. В 2001 году они разрушили всё, что мы построили и прогнали нас, но мы вернулись и вновь отстроили нашу деревню. Мы рады приветствовать вас, и благодарим всех, кто приехал сюда, за солидарность и поддержку. Вы - другое лицо Израиля. Это не лицо солдат и поселенцев, которые появляются здесь каждый день. Вы подарили нам надежду, надежду на то, что мы, палестинцы и израильтяне, можем жить вместе как добрые соседи".
Затем выступил профессор Игаль Броннер (Yigal Bronner), преподающий историю Индии в Еврейском университете в Иерусалиме, член движения "Таайуш" (Ta'ayush), выступающего за сосуществование палестинцев и евреев в Израиле.
"Что такое Сусия? Такая малость! Несколько цистерн, которые солдаты еще не заполнили грязью, несколько овец, которых еще не украли поселенцы, несколько олив, которые еще не выкорчевали.
Что такое Сусия? Сусия - это 350 человек, которые держатся за свою землю, вцепились в нее, приросли к ней и не отдадут ее, потому что это их дом. Просто это их дом. А напротив нас - другая Сусия. Вооруженная и окруженная забором, имеющая воду, электричество, канализацию и своих представителей в коридорах власти, и она хочет отобрать тот клочок этой Сусии, который от нее остался, и на котором мы стоим. Вот и весь рассказ.
У палестинской Сусии нет солдат, нет полиции, нет представителей в Кнессете, а вообще-то, нет и выборов. Но в ней есть мы. Мы здесь вместе с Сусией, и мы ее не покинем. Мы сделаем всё, что в наших силах, чтобы остаться здесь и не допустить ее разрушения. А если ее разрушат, мы вернемся на следующее утро, чтобы ее восстанавливать вместе с ее жителями. Сусия не одинока! (Возгласы на иврите: "Сусия, не отчаивайся! Мы покончим с оккупацией!" и на арабском: "Долой оккупацию!").
Как важно, что вы пришли сюда, как важно продолжить борьбу. В следующую субботу, 3 августа в 9 часов утра, состоится новая демонстрация, а в Верховном суде будет заслушана наша апелляция. Очень важно быть здесь! Сусия не одинока!"
Traffic jam in the middle of the desert
The rendezvous was scheduled for 11:30 am, outside the Arlozorov Street Railway Station in Tel Aviv. I arrived at 11:35. "Three buses have already been filled, but don’t worry - the fourth bus will soon arrive" said the organizers’ representative. "There will be a place for anyone who wants to go to the protest in Susiya."
It is long since there was such a wide response to a call for a demonstration in the wild West Bank. Among the passengers could be seen quite a few long-time activists who had however not been seen in recent years. Why did the case of Susiya evoke so much attention, in Israel and throughout the world? (Circulating on the bus was the current New York Times op-ed page, featuring a moving personal story of a Susiya resident). This tiny threatened village is in every way worthy of support and solidarity - but in the past, quite a few instances of no less outrageous injustice have been perpetrated and met a virtually complete indifference and silence. One can never know in advance which particular case will become the focus and symbol of a struggle.
Little more than an hour's drive separates the vast metropolitan Tel Aviv from the godforsaken hamlet of Susiya in the middle of the desert. First the travel is along congested intercity highways - then, through back roads which become ever more narrow and in bad repair, the further one continues to the east and south. Somewhere, without noticing, the Green Line is crossed into the territory where there is not even a semblance of democracy, where the landscape is predominantly brown rather than green - apart from the occasional green patch of a settlement, which had the privilege of being connected to the Israeli water system.
At the end of the trip, the narrow road forks, and the sign to the right side says "Susiya" - but nevertheless, we turned to the left. The sign erected by the military authorities refers to the other Susiya - the Israeli settlement Susiya, which claims to be the continuation of a Jewish village of the same name which existed on this location during the Roman and Byzantine period. "Come and see Susiya - an ancient Jewish town" says the sign on the road we had not taken.
The Jews who lived here 1,500 years ago had lived in caves. In the Twentieth Century, Palestinians had been living in these same caves, until in 1986 the army came to expel them and turn the caves into an archeological site managed by the settlers. The Palestinians had to move to miserable shacks erected on what was left of their land. Is it possible that they actually were the descendants of those who resided in those caves in the Fifth Century? At the beginning of the Zionist Movement David Ben Gurion brought up that at least some of the Arabs in this country are descendants of Jews who lived here in the past, and who at some time were converted to Islam and started speaking Arabic. In 1918 Ben Gurion even published an entire book on this subject, in cooperation with the future President of Israel Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, including detailed historical documentation to support this theory. But before long it became clear that, even if some of the Palestinians’ ancestors had been Jewish, at present they have no interest whatsoever in being Jewish or promoting the Zionist Project. So, Ben-Gurion and his colleagues lost interest in further promoting this issue.
In the direction of Palestinian Susiya there was no road sign. For the Israeli authorities, it simply does not exist. "The competent military authorities take the position that there had never existed an Arab village named Susiya" stated on the Knesset floor Deputy Defense Minister Eli Ben-Dahan, of the Jewish Home Party. "Palestinian structures were built without permits on that location, and were demolished during the 1995-2001 period. Illegal construction continued, against which demolition orders were issued. In May 2015 the Supreme Court rejected a petition by the Palestinians for an interim injunction against the demolition of these structures."
There are no road signs, but it is not difficult to find Palestinian Susiya, with the Palestinian flag painted on rocks along the road. Four buses arrived from Tel Aviv and three from Jerusalem, plus quite a few private cars, and a minor traffic jam was created in the middle of the desert. "Pay attention, it is now the hottest hour of the day, it's one of the hottest places in the country, and there is almost no shade" warns the young woman in charge of my bus. "Please be sure, all of you, to cover your heads and take water with you. For those who have not brought it with them, we provide bottled water". On a low ridge above the bus could already be seen a human stream winding its way towards the rally.
The concrete cover of a rainwater collection cistern has become a makeshift podium, with several loudspeakers and a Palestinian flag flying. When the group from our bus arrived, the speeches were already under way, in a mixture of Arabic, English and Hebrew. "67 years after the Palestinian Nakba, it is still going on! They want to expel the residents of Susiya from their land! Are we going to let them do it?" cried former Palestinian Minister Mustafa Barghouti, eliciting a loud chorus of "No! No!"."After the Apartheid regime in South Africa fell, Nelson Mandela said that the fight is not over, the next part is the Palestinian struggle. We are here, we are struggling. We will go on struggling until Palestine is free!" (Chanting in Arabic and English "Free Palestine! Free Palestine! Free, free Palestine! "
Susiya resident Nasser Nawaj'ah, a leader activist of the struggle, spoke in Hebrew to those who came from Tel Aviv and Jerusalem: "Welcome to Susiya, all of you, welcome to Susiya, the fighting Susiya which will not give in! Our struggle is already going on for decades. In 1982, they erected the settlement of Susiya on our land. In 1986, they expelled us from the caves and turned them into an archaeological site of the settlers, then we moved to the farmland, all what was left to us. In 2001, they destroyed everything and drove us away, but we came back and set up our village again. You are most welcome here, we are grateful for the solidarity and support of all those who have come here. You are the other face of Israel, the face which is different from what we see of the soldiers and settlers who come to us every day. You give us hope, the hope that we can still live together, Palestinians as Israel's neighbors in peace."
He was followed by Professor Yigal Bronner, who teaches history of India at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and is a prominent activist of the Ta'ayush Movement, which is active already for many years in support of the residents of the South Hebron Hills. "We are here in Susiya. What is Susiya? Not much. Some cisterns which the army had not filled with dirt, a few sheep which the settlers have not yet stolen, some olive trees that have not yet been cut down. What is Susiya? Susiya is 350 people who hold on to the land, clinging and clinging and holding on and not giving up, because it's their home. Quite simply, this is their home. Opposite us is the other Susiya. The Susiya which is armed and surrounded by a fence, which is connected to to water and electricity and sewage and has representatives in all the corridors of power, and it wants to grab what little is left of this Susiya where we stand. Susiya against Susiya, this is the whole story. The Palestinian Susiya has no soldiers and no police and no representatives in the Knesset and in fact it does not have the vote. But it has us. We are here to stand with Susiya and we will not leave. We will do everything we can to be here and prevent the destruction. And if does take place, we will be here the next morning to rebuild, together with the residents. Susiya is not alone! "(Chanting of "Susiya, Sussiya do not despair, we will end the occupation yet!" in Hebrew and "Yaskut al Ikhitlal", "Down with the Occupation" in Arabic.
"It is very important that you all came here, it is important to continue the struggle. There will be here another demonstration next Saturday, and on August 3 at 9:00 am there will be the hearing on the appeal of Susiya at the Supreme Court. It is very important to be there! Susiya is not alone! Susiya is not alone!"
After the speeches - the march to the edge of the ridge. "For anyone who feels badly affected by the heat and sun, there is a tent with shade and plenty of water. Don’t get hurt unnecessarily. And now - forward!"
Together with the Palestinians, locals and those who especially came, we all moved ahead to the rhythmic beating of the "Drummers Against the Occupation", and the heat did not seem to reduce their energy and enthusiasm. Above the crowd were waving the placards of "Combatants for Peace", one of the demonstration's organizers, with the caption "There is Another Way" in Hebrew, Arabic and English. "Though shalt not rob thy fellow" read the big sign carried by Rabbi Arik Asherman, who already for many years did not miss any demonstration, "Rabbis for Human Rights" being another of the protest initiators. Other Biblical slogans: "Have we become the like of Sodom, did we assume the face of Gomorrah?", "Save the poor his robber, protect the miserable from the heartless despoiler" "Zion shall be built on Justice", "Each shall sit in content under his vine and his fig tree."
A five years old Palestinian girl held upside down a large sign in Hebrew reading "No more land grab!". One of the Israelis drew the attention of a woman in traditional Palestinian dress, apparently the grandmother. The granddaughter, laughing, turned the sign in correct direction before the press photographers arrived at this part of the march parade. Near was walking a strapping young man wearing a T-shirt of the FC St. Pauli soccer club of Hamburg, Germany, whose fans are known for their fight against racism, and next was a woman whose shirt proclaimed "Stop the Pinkwashing!", protesting the cynical use made of LGBT people by the government international PR apparatus ("Hasbara"). The text on the bag of a veteran Jerusalem activist referred to the elctions earlier this year: "We did not succeed in throwing Netanyahu out, which is very harsh and painful, but at least let him keep his paws off Susiya!"
At the end of the march, dozens lifted with great effort a 30-metre long sign reading: "Susiya is Palestinian, and Palestinian it will remain!". When the buses on the way back passed the official sign about "The ancient Jewish town" we could see it at the top of the ridge above the road.
POSTED BY ADAM KELLER אדם קלר
В конце пути дорога разветвляется, и указатель направляет к Сусии, но к другой - к израильскому поселению с тем же названием, существовавшему с римских и византийских времен.
1500 лет назад евреи жили здесь в пещерах, таких же, что и палестинцы в 20 веке, пока в 1986 году израильская армия не изгнала их, объявив пещеры местом археологических раскопок.
К арабской Сусии нет указателя: для израильских властей ее не существует. Деревню разрушали много раз. В мае 2015 года Верховный суд отклонил петицию палестинцев о временном приостановлении действия приказа о разрушении строений.
Бетонная крыша резервуара для дождевой воды стала трибуной с микрофонами и палестинским флагом. Говорит бывший палестинский министр Мустафа Баргути:
"Через 67 лет после палестинской Накбы она всё еще продолжается! Они хотят изгнать жителей Сусии с их земли! Разве мы может это допустить? Когда пал режим апартеида в Южной Африке, Нельсон Мандела сказал, что борьба не окончена. Ее следующим этапом станет борьба палестинцев. Мы здесь, и мы будем бороться, пока Палестина не станет свободной".
Житель Сусии Насер Наваджа (Nasser Nawaj'ah) обратился к гостям на иврите:
"Мы приветствуем вас в Сусии, которая не сдается. Наша борьба длится десятилетия. В 1982 году мы создали на нашей земле поселение. В 1982 году они изгнали нас из пещер, объявив их местом археологических раскопок. Мы ушли в отрытое поле. В 2001 году они разрушили всё, что мы построили и прогнали нас, но мы вернулись и вновь отстроили нашу деревню. Мы рады приветствовать вас, и благодарим всех, кто приехал сюда, за солидарность и поддержку. Вы - другое лицо Израиля. Это не лицо солдат и поселенцев, которые появляются здесь каждый день. Вы подарили нам надежду, надежду на то, что мы, палестинцы и израильтяне, можем жить вместе как добрые соседи".
Затем выступил профессор Игаль Броннер (Yigal Bronner), преподающий историю Индии в Еврейском университете в Иерусалиме, член движения "Таайуш" (Ta'ayush), выступающего за сосуществование палестинцев и евреев в Израиле.
"Что такое Сусия? Такая малость! Несколько цистерн, которые солдаты еще не заполнили грязью, несколько овец, которых еще не украли поселенцы, несколько олив, которые еще не выкорчевали.
Что такое Сусия? Сусия - это 350 человек, которые держатся за свою землю, вцепились в нее, приросли к ней и не отдадут ее, потому что это их дом. Просто это их дом. А напротив нас - другая Сусия. Вооруженная и окруженная забором, имеющая воду, электричество, канализацию и своих представителей в коридорах власти, и она хочет отобрать тот клочок этой Сусии, который от нее остался, и на котором мы стоим. Вот и весь рассказ.
У палестинской Сусии нет солдат, нет полиции, нет представителей в Кнессете, а вообще-то, нет и выборов. Но в ней есть мы. Мы здесь вместе с Сусией, и мы ее не покинем. Мы сделаем всё, что в наших силах, чтобы остаться здесь и не допустить ее разрушения. А если ее разрушат, мы вернемся на следующее утро, чтобы ее восстанавливать вместе с ее жителями. Сусия не одинока! (Возгласы на иврите: "Сусия, не отчаивайся! Мы покончим с оккупацией!" и на арабском: "Долой оккупацию!").
Как важно, что вы пришли сюда, как важно продолжить борьбу. В следующую субботу, 3 августа в 9 часов утра, состоится новая демонстрация, а в Верховном суде будет заслушана наша апелляция. Очень важно быть здесь! Сусия не одинока!"
Traffic jam in the middle of the desert
The rendezvous was scheduled for 11:30 am, outside the Arlozorov Street Railway Station in Tel Aviv. I arrived at 11:35. "Three buses have already been filled, but don’t worry - the fourth bus will soon arrive" said the organizers’ representative. "There will be a place for anyone who wants to go to the protest in Susiya."
It is long since there was such a wide response to a call for a demonstration in the wild West Bank. Among the passengers could be seen quite a few long-time activists who had however not been seen in recent years. Why did the case of Susiya evoke so much attention, in Israel and throughout the world? (Circulating on the bus was the current New York Times op-ed page, featuring a moving personal story of a Susiya resident). This tiny threatened village is in every way worthy of support and solidarity - but in the past, quite a few instances of no less outrageous injustice have been perpetrated and met a virtually complete indifference and silence. One can never know in advance which particular case will become the focus and symbol of a struggle.
Little more than an hour's drive separates the vast metropolitan Tel Aviv from the godforsaken hamlet of Susiya in the middle of the desert. First the travel is along congested intercity highways - then, through back roads which become ever more narrow and in bad repair, the further one continues to the east and south. Somewhere, without noticing, the Green Line is crossed into the territory where there is not even a semblance of democracy, where the landscape is predominantly brown rather than green - apart from the occasional green patch of a settlement, which had the privilege of being connected to the Israeli water system.
At the end of the trip, the narrow road forks, and the sign to the right side says "Susiya" - but nevertheless, we turned to the left. The sign erected by the military authorities refers to the other Susiya - the Israeli settlement Susiya, which claims to be the continuation of a Jewish village of the same name which existed on this location during the Roman and Byzantine period. "Come and see Susiya - an ancient Jewish town" says the sign on the road we had not taken.
The Jews who lived here 1,500 years ago had lived in caves. In the Twentieth Century, Palestinians had been living in these same caves, until in 1986 the army came to expel them and turn the caves into an archeological site managed by the settlers. The Palestinians had to move to miserable shacks erected on what was left of their land. Is it possible that they actually were the descendants of those who resided in those caves in the Fifth Century? At the beginning of the Zionist Movement David Ben Gurion brought up that at least some of the Arabs in this country are descendants of Jews who lived here in the past, and who at some time were converted to Islam and started speaking Arabic. In 1918 Ben Gurion even published an entire book on this subject, in cooperation with the future President of Israel Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, including detailed historical documentation to support this theory. But before long it became clear that, even if some of the Palestinians’ ancestors had been Jewish, at present they have no interest whatsoever in being Jewish or promoting the Zionist Project. So, Ben-Gurion and his colleagues lost interest in further promoting this issue.
In the direction of Palestinian Susiya there was no road sign. For the Israeli authorities, it simply does not exist. "The competent military authorities take the position that there had never existed an Arab village named Susiya" stated on the Knesset floor Deputy Defense Minister Eli Ben-Dahan, of the Jewish Home Party. "Palestinian structures were built without permits on that location, and were demolished during the 1995-2001 period. Illegal construction continued, against which demolition orders were issued. In May 2015 the Supreme Court rejected a petition by the Palestinians for an interim injunction against the demolition of these structures."
There are no road signs, but it is not difficult to find Palestinian Susiya, with the Palestinian flag painted on rocks along the road. Four buses arrived from Tel Aviv and three from Jerusalem, plus quite a few private cars, and a minor traffic jam was created in the middle of the desert. "Pay attention, it is now the hottest hour of the day, it's one of the hottest places in the country, and there is almost no shade" warns the young woman in charge of my bus. "Please be sure, all of you, to cover your heads and take water with you. For those who have not brought it with them, we provide bottled water". On a low ridge above the bus could already be seen a human stream winding its way towards the rally.
The concrete cover of a rainwater collection cistern has become a makeshift podium, with several loudspeakers and a Palestinian flag flying. When the group from our bus arrived, the speeches were already under way, in a mixture of Arabic, English and Hebrew. "67 years after the Palestinian Nakba, it is still going on! They want to expel the residents of Susiya from their land! Are we going to let them do it?" cried former Palestinian Minister Mustafa Barghouti, eliciting a loud chorus of "No! No!"."After the Apartheid regime in South Africa fell, Nelson Mandela said that the fight is not over, the next part is the Palestinian struggle. We are here, we are struggling. We will go on struggling until Palestine is free!" (Chanting in Arabic and English "Free Palestine! Free Palestine! Free, free Palestine! "
Susiya resident Nasser Nawaj'ah, a leader activist of the struggle, spoke in Hebrew to those who came from Tel Aviv and Jerusalem: "Welcome to Susiya, all of you, welcome to Susiya, the fighting Susiya which will not give in! Our struggle is already going on for decades. In 1982, they erected the settlement of Susiya on our land. In 1986, they expelled us from the caves and turned them into an archaeological site of the settlers, then we moved to the farmland, all what was left to us. In 2001, they destroyed everything and drove us away, but we came back and set up our village again. You are most welcome here, we are grateful for the solidarity and support of all those who have come here. You are the other face of Israel, the face which is different from what we see of the soldiers and settlers who come to us every day. You give us hope, the hope that we can still live together, Palestinians as Israel's neighbors in peace."
He was followed by Professor Yigal Bronner, who teaches history of India at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and is a prominent activist of the Ta'ayush Movement, which is active already for many years in support of the residents of the South Hebron Hills. "We are here in Susiya. What is Susiya? Not much. Some cisterns which the army had not filled with dirt, a few sheep which the settlers have not yet stolen, some olive trees that have not yet been cut down. What is Susiya? Susiya is 350 people who hold on to the land, clinging and clinging and holding on and not giving up, because it's their home. Quite simply, this is their home. Opposite us is the other Susiya. The Susiya which is armed and surrounded by a fence, which is connected to to water and electricity and sewage and has representatives in all the corridors of power, and it wants to grab what little is left of this Susiya where we stand. Susiya against Susiya, this is the whole story. The Palestinian Susiya has no soldiers and no police and no representatives in the Knesset and in fact it does not have the vote. But it has us. We are here to stand with Susiya and we will not leave. We will do everything we can to be here and prevent the destruction. And if does take place, we will be here the next morning to rebuild, together with the residents. Susiya is not alone! "(Chanting of "Susiya, Sussiya do not despair, we will end the occupation yet!" in Hebrew and "Yaskut al Ikhitlal", "Down with the Occupation" in Arabic.
"It is very important that you all came here, it is important to continue the struggle. There will be here another demonstration next Saturday, and on August 3 at 9:00 am there will be the hearing on the appeal of Susiya at the Supreme Court. It is very important to be there! Susiya is not alone! Susiya is not alone!"
After the speeches - the march to the edge of the ridge. "For anyone who feels badly affected by the heat and sun, there is a tent with shade and plenty of water. Don’t get hurt unnecessarily. And now - forward!"
Together with the Palestinians, locals and those who especially came, we all moved ahead to the rhythmic beating of the "Drummers Against the Occupation", and the heat did not seem to reduce their energy and enthusiasm. Above the crowd were waving the placards of "Combatants for Peace", one of the demonstration's organizers, with the caption "There is Another Way" in Hebrew, Arabic and English. "Though shalt not rob thy fellow" read the big sign carried by Rabbi Arik Asherman, who already for many years did not miss any demonstration, "Rabbis for Human Rights" being another of the protest initiators. Other Biblical slogans: "Have we become the like of Sodom, did we assume the face of Gomorrah?", "Save the poor his robber, protect the miserable from the heartless despoiler" "Zion shall be built on Justice", "Each shall sit in content under his vine and his fig tree."
A five years old Palestinian girl held upside down a large sign in Hebrew reading "No more land grab!". One of the Israelis drew the attention of a woman in traditional Palestinian dress, apparently the grandmother. The granddaughter, laughing, turned the sign in correct direction before the press photographers arrived at this part of the march parade. Near was walking a strapping young man wearing a T-shirt of the FC St. Pauli soccer club of Hamburg, Germany, whose fans are known for their fight against racism, and next was a woman whose shirt proclaimed "Stop the Pinkwashing!", protesting the cynical use made of LGBT people by the government international PR apparatus ("Hasbara"). The text on the bag of a veteran Jerusalem activist referred to the elctions earlier this year: "We did not succeed in throwing Netanyahu out, which is very harsh and painful, but at least let him keep his paws off Susiya!"
At the end of the march, dozens lifted with great effort a 30-metre long sign reading: "Susiya is Palestinian, and Palestinian it will remain!". When the buses on the way back passed the official sign about "The ancient Jewish town" we could see it at the top of the ridge above the road.
POSTED BY ADAM KELLER אדם קלר