Costo's The Missions of California
This is the first book of any merit on the missions written by a native; the first since Pablo Tac, in any case.
p. ix: Serra was a member of the Inquisition? I never heard that. I always heard that he was fleeing the Inquisition on account of his supposed Jewish blood.
C. Hart Merriam' notes based on baptismal records
p. 29: Shipek.
p. 30: lactose intolerance caused constant diarrhea
ff: permaculture among the Kumeyaay
p. 36: wilful wrecking of natjve food supplies; cutting oaks for tanbark, thus destroying the acorn crop
--destroying the natives' crops reduced them to dependence, but Spanish crops and animals did not produce well here
p. 59: "dull-wittedness"?? More likely malnutrition!
Kiple on malnutrition of black slaves!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Much of this book is a protest on several levels against the beatification of Padre Serra.
p. 117: Under the Act for the Government and Protection of Indians,
"V.E. Geiger, formerly Indian Agent, had some eighty Indians apprenticed [!] to him and proposes to emigrate to Washoe with them as soon as he can cross the mountains. We hear of many others who are having them bound in numbers to suit."
Indians were quite literally bought and sold as slaves under this act.
Information on slaves and slave owners in Eureka, totaling 114 indentures in Humboldt Co.
in
--Heizer, The Other Californians
Ages ranged from two (?) to fifty, with 49 of the 114 being between seven and twelve
-pattern of child slavery
Ten married couples indentured
--Genocide in Northwestern California by Jack Norton
Norton (author of this essay in Costo's book as well as the book mentioned above)
goes on
p. 118: But the records are silent as to the means of appropriating Indian slaves, nor can they even begin to approximate the horrible human suffering that occurred.
p. 121: "the organized bands of Indian kidnapers who operated independently, or followed troops on Indian campaigns and collected women and children after an attack on a village, [were] one of the main causes of the 'Indian Wars' which were common in the late 1850s and early 1860s."
So. Look into the Indians Wars: can we find slavers there?
Paiute War book, in Rivera
This paper will be about how slaves became slaves, then.
Pacific Rural Press, 2/10/72
"There is a Digger boy employed on a sheep ranch in Monterey County, California, who is a human curiosity".
-Sentimental story of a native shepherd.
--Using the California Newspaper Project is likely to yield more useful ore.
-Indian testimonies on the missions and forced labor. All horrible, and all passed down through at least four generations.
p. 141: "I feel that the church was built by the blood of the Indians."
-Eva Pagaling, Yneseño Chumash/S'hamala
--SACRAMESTO DAILYUNION. 'i%
the Digger Indian is iva better condition as nn apprentice ina white family than when roaming over the mountains, where he is compelled to ...
cdnc.ucr.edu/cdnc/cgi-bin/imageserver/imageserver.pl?oid=SDU18600120.1.2&key=&getpdf=true
(saved)
p. ix: Serra was a member of the Inquisition? I never heard that. I always heard that he was fleeing the Inquisition on account of his supposed Jewish blood.
C. Hart Merriam' notes based on baptismal records
p. 29: Shipek.
p. 30: lactose intolerance caused constant diarrhea
ff: permaculture among the Kumeyaay
p. 36: wilful wrecking of natjve food supplies; cutting oaks for tanbark, thus destroying the acorn crop
--destroying the natives' crops reduced them to dependence, but Spanish crops and animals did not produce well here
p. 59: "dull-wittedness"?? More likely malnutrition!
Kiple on malnutrition of black slaves!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Much of this book is a protest on several levels against the beatification of Padre Serra.
p. 117: Under the Act for the Government and Protection of Indians,
"V.E. Geiger, formerly Indian Agent, had some eighty Indians apprenticed [!] to him and proposes to emigrate to Washoe with them as soon as he can cross the mountains. We hear of many others who are having them bound in numbers to suit."
Indians were quite literally bought and sold as slaves under this act.
Information on slaves and slave owners in Eureka, totaling 114 indentures in Humboldt Co.
in
--Heizer, The Other Californians
Ages ranged from two (?) to fifty, with 49 of the 114 being between seven and twelve
-pattern of child slavery
Ten married couples indentured
--Genocide in Northwestern California by Jack Norton
Norton (author of this essay in Costo's book as well as the book mentioned above)
goes on
p. 118: But the records are silent as to the means of appropriating Indian slaves, nor can they even begin to approximate the horrible human suffering that occurred.
p. 121: "the organized bands of Indian kidnapers who operated independently, or followed troops on Indian campaigns and collected women and children after an attack on a village, [were] one of the main causes of the 'Indian Wars' which were common in the late 1850s and early 1860s."
So. Look into the Indians Wars: can we find slavers there?
Paiute War book, in Rivera
This paper will be about how slaves became slaves, then.
Pacific Rural Press, 2/10/72
"There is a Digger boy employed on a sheep ranch in Monterey County, California, who is a human curiosity".
-Sentimental story of a native shepherd.
--Using the California Newspaper Project is likely to yield more useful ore.
-Indian testimonies on the missions and forced labor. All horrible, and all passed down through at least four generations.
p. 141: "I feel that the church was built by the blood of the Indians."
-Eva Pagaling, Yneseño Chumash/S'hamala
--SACRAMESTO DAILYUNION. 'i%
the Digger Indian is iva better condition as nn apprentice ina white family than when roaming over the mountains, where he is compelled to ...
cdnc.ucr.edu/cdnc/cgi-bin/imageserver/imageserver.pl?oid=SDU18600120.1.2&key=&getpdf=true
(saved)