About the metallic bond and about the conductivity
anonymous
November 4 2006, 20:40:57 UTC
Why have decided to connect occurrence of superconductivity with thermal fluctuations of atoms of a lattice? Because materials of isotopes of an element had different temperatures of transition in a superconducting condition. Certainly such dependence is but it is insignificant. Superconductivity does not depend on type of a lattice. Around of a superconductor Nb in the table of elements it is a lot of conductors, but not over. And thermal fluctuations of their atoms practically same. Why superconductivity is not found out in other metals? Thermal fluctuations of atoms not the main mechanism of superconductivity!
Authors BKS approve, that everyone participates in superconductivity ten-thousand электрон, and according to the theory of a firm body everyone participates in simple conductivity from one up to approximately three electrons from atom either roughly the tenth or the 100-th электрон. Nevertheless currents of superconductivity there are more than currents of usual conductivity!
Conductivity certainly depends on temperature. But at copper, silver for some reason at the lowest temperatures superconductivity is not observed, and at a conductor Nb which spends much worse copper and silver-superconductivity is. There is it and at heavier lead with type of a crystal lattice of copper. Means not thermal fluctuations main here, and any processes in a zone of conductivity. For their consideration it is necessary to know number electrons, given by each atom of a lattice in a zone of conductivity.
Something occurs with electrons in a zone of conductivity! The problem is put.
The zone of conductivity is represented to me, as a surface of cell Wigner-Zeits which settles down between atoms of a crystal lattice. And it is more electron than conductivity also there is no place to be, as soon as on this surface. At transition in a superconducting condition in a zone of conductivity электроны should form collective or to become dependent from each other. The number electrons given by atom means in a zone of conductivity should be significant in comparison with copper, nickel or silver, which not superconductors. The number electrons conductivity in metals-elements is resulted in work
www.sciteclibrary.ru/eng/catalog/pages/4564.html
At vanadium, Nb and tantalum on 5 electrons conductivity on atom and accordingly temperatures of transitions Ts=5,30... 9,26 and 4,48K. At Hf, the titan and zirconium on 3 electrons, and Ts=0,09... 0,39 and 0,65K. We shall look the table of elements on the right-there lead, Sn-on 4-5 electrons and aluminium, Ga, In, waists at which on 2-3 electrons, and Ts=1,196... 1,091...3,40...2,39K accordingly. At lead and tin Ts=7,19 and 3,72K accordingly. As was to be shown. As a zone of conductivity a surface, and electrons possess backs (spin) on mine the organization electrons conductivity in collective goes by means of interaction through backs (spin).
I here wish to tell, that electrons conductivity certainly are somehow united, but only not as in BCS when they start to make advances on distance in some thousand atoms between which are even more electrons and after that "couple". Clearly and that the number of power levels in a zone of conductivity is not equal to number electrons to conductivity (as the quantum mechanics), and makes size equal to number electrons conductivity from atom of a crystal lattice, i.e. 1-5 or hardly it is more.
Electrons conductivity bring the low contribution to a thermal capacity of metal (law Diulonge-Pti). Theoretical calculation on model Drude shows, that the contribution electrons in a thermal capacity should be significant. Presumably, in real space, the zone of conductivity should is in area of a surface of cell Wigner-Zeits. Roughly, it reminds herself beer соты. Therefore electrons conductivity bring the low contribution to a thermal capacity of metal since they as a matter of fact are in space bidimentional with a complex surface. And periodicity for electron conductivity in a crystal is connected not so much from a constant lattice, how many with stereometry hybrid (valent) орбиталей nuclear skeletons. See experiences de-Haas-van-Alfen on research of a surface of Fermi.
fluctuations of atoms of a lattice? Because materials of isotopes of an
element had different temperatures of transition in a superconducting
condition. Certainly such dependence is but it is insignificant.
Superconductivity does not depend on type of a lattice. Around of a
superconductor Nb in the table of elements it is a lot of conductors, but
not over. And thermal fluctuations of their atoms practically same. Why
superconductivity is not found out in other metals?
Thermal fluctuations of atoms not the main mechanism of superconductivity!
Authors BKS approve, that everyone participates in superconductivity
ten-thousand электрон, and according to the theory of a firm body everyone
participates in simple conductivity from one up to approximately three
electrons from atom either roughly the tenth or the 100-th электрон.
Nevertheless currents of superconductivity there are more than currents of
usual conductivity!
Conductivity certainly depends on temperature. But at copper, silver for
some reason at the lowest temperatures superconductivity is not observed,
and at a conductor Nb which spends much worse copper and
silver-superconductivity is. There is it and at heavier lead with type of a
crystal lattice of copper. Means not thermal fluctuations main here, and
any processes in a zone of conductivity.
For their consideration it is necessary to know number electrons, given by
each atom of a lattice in a zone of conductivity.
Something occurs with electrons in a zone of conductivity! The problem is
put.
The zone of conductivity is represented to me, as a surface of cell
Wigner-Zeits which settles down between atoms of a crystal lattice. And it
is more electron than conductivity also there is no place to be, as soon as
on this surface. At transition in a superconducting condition in a zone of
conductivity электроны should form collective or to become dependent from
each other.
The number electrons given by atom means in a zone of conductivity should
be significant in comparison with copper, nickel or silver, which not
superconductors. The number electrons conductivity in metals-elements is
resulted in work
www.sciteclibrary.ru/eng/catalog/pages/4564.html
At vanadium, Nb and tantalum on 5 electrons conductivity on atom and
accordingly temperatures of transitions Ts=5,30... 9,26 and 4,48K. At Hf,
the titan and zirconium on 3 electrons, and Ts=0,09... 0,39 and 0,65K. We
shall look the table of elements on the right-there lead, Sn-on 4-5
electrons and aluminium, Ga, In, waists at which on 2-3 electrons, and
Ts=1,196... 1,091...3,40...2,39K accordingly. At lead and tin Ts=7,19 and
3,72K accordingly. As was to be shown.
As a zone of conductivity a surface, and electrons possess backs (spin) on
mine the organization electrons conductivity in collective goes by means of
interaction through backs (spin).
I here wish to tell, that electrons conductivity certainly are somehow
united, but only not as in BCS when they start to make advances on distance
in some thousand atoms between which are even more electrons and after that
"couple". Clearly and that the number of power levels in a zone of
conductivity is not equal to number electrons to conductivity (as the
quantum mechanics), and makes size equal to number electrons conductivity
from atom of a crystal lattice, i.e. 1-5 or hardly it is more.
Electrons conductivity bring the low contribution to a thermal capacity of
metal (law Diulonge-Pti). Theoretical calculation on model Drude shows,
that the contribution electrons in a thermal capacity should be
significant. Presumably, in real space, the zone of conductivity should is
in area of a surface of cell Wigner-Zeits. Roughly, it reminds herself beer
соты.
Therefore electrons conductivity bring the low contribution to a thermal
capacity of metal since they as a matter of fact are in space bidimentional
with a complex surface. And periodicity for electron
conductivity in a crystal is connected not so much from a constant lattice,
how many with stereometry hybrid (valent) орбиталей nuclear skeletons.
See experiences de-Haas-van-Alfen on research of a surface of
Fermi.
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