Holy Shit.
Hooooooly shit. Our biology final is going to... be bad. to put it in simple words.
this is our study guide, and [b] note, this is only questions that MIGHT be used as short answer questions, or essay questions. [/b] EDIT: wtf, how do you make it bold??
Study Guide questions, Biology
Unit 1a:
2. List and describe the 5 main characteristics of livings things
5. Explain how biology can help to solve the following real world problems: ecosystem loss, food shortages, diseases (especially AIDS, cancer, and cystic fibrosis).
Unit 1b:
2. Describe the scientific process.
6. Describe in detail Avery, McLeod, and McCarty’s experiments which identified DNA as the transforming factor, and therefore the genetic material picked up by the R bacteria from the heat-killed S bacteria.
Unit 2a:
4. List and describe the 4 major classes of organic compounds found in living things. For each class describe in detail the structure and function of biomolecules in the group. Be able to draw a schematic diagram of the biomolecules from each class.
6. Describe the structure and function of an enzyme. Give an example in detail of how an enzyme works. Draw a diagram of how each enzyme works.
Unit 2b:
7. Explain why it is necessary for cells to be able to turn genes on and off.
8. Explan what point mutations in genes are, and how these mutations can affect the protein that would be produced from a gene containing such a mutation.
Unit 3a:
8. For plant, animal, and bacterial cells, be able to draw a general diagram of cell structure. Be able to name/label all the parts of each type of cell & describe their basic structure and function.
9. Identify specifically the organelles used to make and process proteins. Explain how the processing of cytoplasmic proteins (proteins that remain inside the cell, directly in the cytoplasm), membrane proteins, digestive enzymes, and extracellular proteins (proteins that must be exported from the cell) differs. Do some logical deduction where you do not find the answer directly given in the book.
10. Explain what is meant by cell specialization. For the following cell types, explain how they are specialized for their particular function: pancreatic cell, light-senstive cell, nerve cell, muscle cell, and red blood cell.
Unit 3b:
3. Passive Transport. Explain how diffusion works. Explain how nonpolar (o2, co2), polar (h2o, sugars) and charged (amino acids, ions such as cl- and na+) cross the cell membrane via passive transport. Know where and how osmosis, ion channels, and facilitated diffusion apply and work in transporting these substances. Be able to draw a schematic diagram of these processes.
Unit 4a:
6. List the 3 stages of cellular respiration (aerobic ATP production), and know the main purposes of each stage.
Unit 4b:
4. Name and describe the 5 major phases of the cell cycle. Which of these phases belong to Interphase? Which to Cell Division?
5. Describe what happens in each of the 4 phases of mitosis, and in cytokinesis.
6. Draw a diagram of the cell cycle, labeling relevant components, and noting viz bullet points the key events happening in each stage (this as we practiced in class)
Unit 5:
4. Compare chromosome separation in meiosis and mitosis.
8. Be able to use Punnett squares to analyze one and two factor crosses.
9. Be able to use a family pedigree to analyze the inheritance of a genetic disorder.
11. Explain and give an example of the following patterns of heredity: Dominance, Incomplete Dominance, Codominance, Polygenic Traits, and Multiple Alleles. Given phenotypes and or genotypes of parents or offspring, determine which of the patterns of heredity listed above is occurring. Given the phenotypes of a set of offspring, be able to determine the parent genotypes.
this is our study guide, and [b] note, this is only questions that MIGHT be used as short answer questions, or essay questions. [/b] EDIT: wtf, how do you make it bold??
Study Guide questions, Biology
Unit 1a:
2. List and describe the 5 main characteristics of livings things
5. Explain how biology can help to solve the following real world problems: ecosystem loss, food shortages, diseases (especially AIDS, cancer, and cystic fibrosis).
Unit 1b:
2. Describe the scientific process.
6. Describe in detail Avery, McLeod, and McCarty’s experiments which identified DNA as the transforming factor, and therefore the genetic material picked up by the R bacteria from the heat-killed S bacteria.
Unit 2a:
4. List and describe the 4 major classes of organic compounds found in living things. For each class describe in detail the structure and function of biomolecules in the group. Be able to draw a schematic diagram of the biomolecules from each class.
6. Describe the structure and function of an enzyme. Give an example in detail of how an enzyme works. Draw a diagram of how each enzyme works.
Unit 2b:
7. Explain why it is necessary for cells to be able to turn genes on and off.
8. Explan what point mutations in genes are, and how these mutations can affect the protein that would be produced from a gene containing such a mutation.
Unit 3a:
8. For plant, animal, and bacterial cells, be able to draw a general diagram of cell structure. Be able to name/label all the parts of each type of cell & describe their basic structure and function.
9. Identify specifically the organelles used to make and process proteins. Explain how the processing of cytoplasmic proteins (proteins that remain inside the cell, directly in the cytoplasm), membrane proteins, digestive enzymes, and extracellular proteins (proteins that must be exported from the cell) differs. Do some logical deduction where you do not find the answer directly given in the book.
10. Explain what is meant by cell specialization. For the following cell types, explain how they are specialized for their particular function: pancreatic cell, light-senstive cell, nerve cell, muscle cell, and red blood cell.
Unit 3b:
3. Passive Transport. Explain how diffusion works. Explain how nonpolar (o2, co2), polar (h2o, sugars) and charged (amino acids, ions such as cl- and na+) cross the cell membrane via passive transport. Know where and how osmosis, ion channels, and facilitated diffusion apply and work in transporting these substances. Be able to draw a schematic diagram of these processes.
Unit 4a:
6. List the 3 stages of cellular respiration (aerobic ATP production), and know the main purposes of each stage.
Unit 4b:
4. Name and describe the 5 major phases of the cell cycle. Which of these phases belong to Interphase? Which to Cell Division?
5. Describe what happens in each of the 4 phases of mitosis, and in cytokinesis.
6. Draw a diagram of the cell cycle, labeling relevant components, and noting viz bullet points the key events happening in each stage (this as we practiced in class)
Unit 5:
4. Compare chromosome separation in meiosis and mitosis.
8. Be able to use Punnett squares to analyze one and two factor crosses.
9. Be able to use a family pedigree to analyze the inheritance of a genetic disorder.
11. Explain and give an example of the following patterns of heredity: Dominance, Incomplete Dominance, Codominance, Polygenic Traits, and Multiple Alleles. Given phenotypes and or genotypes of parents or offspring, determine which of the patterns of heredity listed above is occurring. Given the phenotypes of a set of offspring, be able to determine the parent genotypes.