I'd been searching for info on how to recreate a Gibson Girl 'do, and finally stumbled across one:
http://intimelyfashion.com/hair/gibson1.htm It uses "rats" to help structure the hair.
We visited Aunt Peryl when I was 8 or 9 or so, and she showed us Grandma's rats, and we screamed with laughter because that was such a silly name. She also told us how women used to faint from their corsets and I found that highly humorous, too. I wonder that Peryl wasted her time with me at all.
The site also shows how to do an Edwardian twist
http://intimelyfashion.com/hair/edward1.html , which may be what Grandmother Kate is sporting, while Great-Aunt Elsie models the pompadour: