The New Shadow, Prologue: Athrabeth Finrod Ah Andreth pages 11-18
‘You speak strange words, Finrod,’ said Andreth, ‘which I have not heard before, Yet my heart is stirred as if by some truth that it recognizes even if it does not fully understand. But fleeting is that memory, and goes ere it can be grasped; and then we grow blind. And those among us who have known the Eldar, and maybe loved them say on our side: “There is no weariness in the eyes of the Elves”. And we find that they do not understand the saying the saying that goes among Men: too often seen is seen no longer. And they wonder much that in the tongues of Men the same word may mean both “long- known and “stale”.’
‘We have thought that this was so only because the Elves have lasting life and undiminished vigour. “Grown-Up children” we, the guest, sometimes call you my lord. And yet - and yet, if nothing in Arda for us holds it’s savour long, and al fair things grow dim, what then? Does it not come from the Shadow upon our hearts? Or do you say that it is not so, but this was ever our nature, even before the wound?’
‘I say so indeed,’ answered Finrod. ‘The Shadow may have darkened your unrest, bringing swifter weariness and soon turning it to disdain, but the unrest was ever there, I believe. And if this is so, then can you now perceive the disharmony that I spoke of? If indeed your Wisdom had lore like to ours, teaching that the Mirröanwi are made of a union of body and mind, of hröa and fëa, or as we say in picture the House and the Indweller.’
‘For what is the “death” that you mourn but the severing of the two? And what is the “deathlessness” that you have lost but that the two should remain united forever?’
‘But what then shall we think of the union of Man: of an Indweller, who is but a guest here in Arda and not here at home, with a House that is built of the matter of Arda and must therefore (one would suppose) here remain?’
‘At least one would not hope for this House a life longer than Arda of which is part. Yet you claim that the House too was immortal, do you not? I would rather believe that such a fëa of its own nature would at some time of its own will have abandoned the house of its sojourn here, even though the sojourn might have been longer than permitted. Then “death” would (as I said) have sounded otherwise to you: as a release, or return, nay! As going home! But this you do not believe, it seems?’
‘Nay, I do not believe this,’ said Andreth. For that would be contempt of the body, and is a thought of the Darkness unnatural in any incarnate whose life uncorrupted is a union of mutual love. But the body is not an inn to keep a traveler warm for the night, ere he goes on his way, and then to receive another. It is a house made for the dweller only, indeed not only a house but raiment also; and it is not clear to me that we should in this case speak only of the raiment being fitted to the wearer rather than that of the wearer being fitted to the raiment.’
‘I hold then that it is not to be thought that the severance of these two could be according to the true nature of Men. For were it “natural” for the body to be abandoned and die, but “natural” for the fëa to live on, then there would indeed be a disharmony in Man, and his parts would not be united by love. His body would be a hindrance at best, or a chain. An imposition indeed, not a gift. But there is one who imposes, and devises chains, then we should derive it from him- but as you say should not be spoken.”
‘Alas! Out in the darkness men do say this nonetheless, but the Atani as thou knowest, not know. I hold that in this we are as ye are, truly incarnates, and that we do not live in our right being and its fullness save in a union of love and peace between the House and the Dweller. Wherefore death, which divides them, is a disaster for both.’
‘Ever more you amaze my thought, Andreth,’ said Finrod. ‘For if your claim be true, then lo! A fëa which is here but a traveler is wedded to a hröa of Arda; to divide them is a grievous hurt, and yet each must fulfill its right nature without tyranny of the other. Then this must surly follow: the fëa when it departs must take with it the hröa. And what can this mean unless it be that the fëa shall have the power to uplift the hröa, as its eternal spouse and companion, into an endurance everlasting Eä, and beyond Time? Thus would Arda, or part thereof, be healed not only of the taint of Melkor, but released even from the limits that were set for it in the “Vision of Eru” of which the Valar speak.’
‘Therefore I say that if this can be believed, then mighty indeed under Eru were Men made in their beginning; and dreadful beyond all other calamities was the change in their state.’
‘It is then, a vision of what was designed to be when Arda was complete- of living things and even of the very lands and seas of Arda made eternal and indestructible, for ever beautiful and new- with which the fëar of Men compare what they see here? Or is there somewhere else a world of which all things which we see, all things that either Elves or Men know, are only tokens or reminders?’
‘If so it resides in the mind of Eru, I deem,’ said Andreth. ‘To such question how can we find the answers, here in the mists of Arda Marred? Otherwise it might have been changed; but being as we are, even among the Wise among us have given too little thought to Arda itself, or to other things that dwell here. We have thought most of ourselves: of our hröar and fëar should have dwelt together for ever in joy, and of the darkness impenetrable that now awaits us.’
‘Then not only the High Eldar are forgetful of their kin!’ said Finrod. ‘But this is strange to me, and even as did your heart when I spoke of your unrest, so mine leaps up as the hearing of good news.’
‘This I propound, was the errand of Men, not the followers, but the heirs and fulfillers of all: to heal the Marring of Arda, already foreshadowed before their devising; and to do more, as agents of the magnificence of Eru: to enlarge the Music and surpass the Vision of the World!’
‘For Arda Healed shall not be Arda Unmarred, but a third thing and a greater, and yet the same. I have conversed with the Valar who were present at the making of the Music ere the beginning of the World began. And now I wonder: Did they hear the end of the Music? Was there not something in or beyond the final chords of Eru which, being overwhelmed thereby, they did not perceive?’
‘Or again, since Eru is for ever free, maybe he made no music and showed no vision beyond a certain point. Beyond that point we cannot se or know, until by our own roads we come there, Valar or Eldar or Men.’
‘As may a master in the telling of the tales may keep hidden the greatest moment until it comes in due course. It may be guessed at indeed, in some measure by those of us who have listened with full heart and mind; but so the teller would wish. In no wise is the surprise and wonder of his art diminished, for thus we share, as it were, in his authorship. But not so, if all were told us in a preface before we entered it!’
‘What then would you say is the supreme moment that Eru has reserved?’ Andreth asked.
‘Ah, wise lady!’ said Finrod. ‘I am an Elda, and again I was thinking of my own people. But nay, of all the Children of Eru. I was thinking of the Second Children we might have been delivered from death. For ever as we spoke of death being a division of the united, I thought in my heart of a death that is not so: but the ending together of both. For that is what lies before us, so far as our reason could see: the completion of Arda; the end when all the long lives of the Elves be wholly in the past.’
‘And then suddenly I beheld a vision of Arda Remade; and there the Eldar completed but not ended could abide in the present for ever, and there walk, maybe, with the Children of Men, their deliverers, and sing to them such songs as, in the Bliss beyond Bliss, should make the green valleys ring and everlasting mountain-tops to throb like harps.’
Then Andreth looked under her brows at Finrod: ‘And what, when ye were not singing, would say to us?’ she asked.
Finrod laughed. ‘I can only guess,’ he said. ‘Why, wise lady, I think we should tell you the tales of the Past and of Arda that was Before, of the perils and great deeds and the making of the Silmarils! We were the lordly ones then! But ye, ye would then be at home, looking at all things intently, as your own. Ye would be the lordly ones. “The eyes of Elves are always thinking of something else,” ye would say. But ye would know then of what we reminded: of the days when we first, and our hands touched in the dark. Beyond the End of the World we shall not change; for in memory is our great talent, as shall be seen ever more clearly as the Ages of Arda pass: a heavy burden to be, I fear; but in the Days of which we now speak a great wealth.’ And then he paused, for he saw that Andreth was weeping silently.
‘Alas, lord!’ she said. ‘What then is to be done now? For we speak as if these things are, or as if they assuredly be. But Men have diminished and their power is taken away. We look for no Arda Remade: darkness lies before us, into which we stare in vain. If by our aid your everlasting mansions were to be prepared, they will not be builded now.’
‘Have ye then no hope?’ said Finrod
‘What is hope?’ she said. ‘An expectation of good, which though uncertain has some foundation in what is known? Then we have none.’
‘That is one thing that Men call “hope”,’ said Finrod. ‘Amdir we call it, “looking up”. But there is another which is founded deeper. Estel we call it, that is “trust”. It is not defeated by the ways of the world, for it does not come from experience, but from our nature and first being. If we are indeed the Eruhin, Children of the One, then He will not allow himself to be deprived of his Own, not by any Enemy, not even by ourselves. This is the last foundation of Estel, which we keep even when we contemplate the End: of all his designs the issues must be for his children’s joy. Amdir you have not, you say. Does no Estel at all abide?’
‘Maybe,’ she said. ‘But no! Do you not perceive that it is part of our wound that Estel should falter and its foundation be shaken? Are we the Children of the One? Are we not cast off finally? Or were we ever so? Is not the Nameless the Lord of the World?’
‘Say it not even in question!’ said Finrod.
‘It cannot be unsaid,’ answered Andreth, ‘if you would understand the despair in which we walk. Or in which must men walk. Among the Atani, as you call us, or the Seekers as we say: those who left the lands of despair and the Men of Darkness and journeyed west in vain hope: it is believed healing may yet be found, or that there is some other way of escape. But is this indeed Estel? Is it not Amdir rather; but without reason: mere flight in a dream from what waking they know: that there is no escape from darkness and death.’
‘Mere flight in a dream you say.’ answered Finrod. ‘In a dream many desires are revealed; and desire may be the last flicker of Estel. But you do not mean dream, Andreth. You confound dream and waking with hope and belief, to make the one more doubtful and the other more sure. Are they asleep when they speak of escape and healing?’
‘Asleep or awake, they say nothing clearly,’ answered Andreth. ‘How or when shall healing come? To what manner of being shall those who see that time be re-made? And what of us who before it go out into the darkness healed? To such questions only those of the “Old Hope”(as they call themselves) have any guess of an answer.’
‘Those of the Old Hope?’ said Finrod. ‘Who are they?’
‘A few,’ she said; but there number has grown since we came to this land, and they see that the Nameless can (as they think) be defied. Yet that is no good reason. To defy him does not undo his work of old. And if the valor of the Eldar fails here, then their despair be deeper. For it was not on the might of Men, or of any of the peoples of Arda, that the Old Hope was grounded.’
‘What then was this hope, if you know?’ Finrod asked.
‘They say,’ answered Andreth: ‘they say that the One will himself enter Arda, and heal Men and all the Marring from beginning to end. This they say also, or they feign, is a rumour that has come down through the years uncounted, even from the days of our undoing.’
‘They say, they feign?’ said Finrod. ‘Are you then not one of them?’
‘How can I be, lord? All wisdom is against them. Who is the One, whom you call Eru? If we put aside the Men who serve the Nameless, as do many in Middle-earth, still many Men perceive the world only as a war between light and dark equipotent. But you will say: nay, that is Manwë and Melkor; Eru is above them. Is then Eru the greatest of the Valar, a great god, among gods, as most Men will say, even among the Atani: a King who dwells far from his Kingdom and leaves lesser Princes to do there as they will? Again you say: nay, Eru is the One, alone without peer, and he made Eä, and is beyond it; and the Valar are greater than we, but no nearer to His Majesty. Is this not so.’
‘Yes’, said Finrod. ‘We say this, and the Valar we know, and they say the same, all save one. But which, think you, is more likely to lie: those who make themselves humble or he that exalts himself.’
‘I do not doubt,’ said Andreth. ‘And for that reason the saying of Hope passes my understanding. How can Eru enter into the thing that He has made, and which he is beyond measure greater? Can the singer enter into his own tale or the designer enter into his picture?’
‘He is already in it, as well as outside,’ said Finrod. ‘But indeed the “in-dwelling” and the “out-dwelling” are not in the same mode.’
‘Truly,’ said Andreth. ‘So may Eru in that mode be present in Eä that proceeded from him. But they speak of Eru Himself entering into Arda, and that is a thing wholly different. How could He the Greater do this? Would it shatter Arda, or indeed all of Eä?’
‘Ask me not,’ said Finrod. ‘These things are beyond the compass of wisdom of the Eldar, or of the Valar maybe. But I doubt that our may mislead us, and that when you say “greater” you think the dimensions of Arda, in which the greater vessel may not contain the less.’
‘But such words may be used of the Measureless. If Eru wished to do this, I do not doubt that He would find a way, though I cannot foresee it. For, as it seems to me, even if He in Himself were to enter in. He must still remain also as He is: the Author without. And yet, Andreth I speak with humility, I cannot conceive how else this healing could be achieved. Since Eru will surely not suffer Melkor to turn the world to his own will and to triumph in the end. Yet there is no power conceivable greater than Melkor save Eru only. Therefore, if He will not relinquish His work to Melkor, who must else proceed to mastery, then Eru must com in to conquer him.’
‘More even if Melkor (or the Morgoth that he has become) could in any way be thrown down or thrust from Arda, still his Shadow will still remain, and the evil that he has wrought and sown would wax and multiply. And if any remedy for this to be found, ere all is ended, any new light to oppose the shadow, or any medicine for the wounds: then it must, I deem, come from without.’
‘We have thought that this was so only because the Elves have lasting life and undiminished vigour. “Grown-Up children” we, the guest, sometimes call you my lord. And yet - and yet, if nothing in Arda for us holds it’s savour long, and al fair things grow dim, what then? Does it not come from the Shadow upon our hearts? Or do you say that it is not so, but this was ever our nature, even before the wound?’
‘I say so indeed,’ answered Finrod. ‘The Shadow may have darkened your unrest, bringing swifter weariness and soon turning it to disdain, but the unrest was ever there, I believe. And if this is so, then can you now perceive the disharmony that I spoke of? If indeed your Wisdom had lore like to ours, teaching that the Mirröanwi are made of a union of body and mind, of hröa and fëa, or as we say in picture the House and the Indweller.’
‘For what is the “death” that you mourn but the severing of the two? And what is the “deathlessness” that you have lost but that the two should remain united forever?’
‘But what then shall we think of the union of Man: of an Indweller, who is but a guest here in Arda and not here at home, with a House that is built of the matter of Arda and must therefore (one would suppose) here remain?’
‘At least one would not hope for this House a life longer than Arda of which is part. Yet you claim that the House too was immortal, do you not? I would rather believe that such a fëa of its own nature would at some time of its own will have abandoned the house of its sojourn here, even though the sojourn might have been longer than permitted. Then “death” would (as I said) have sounded otherwise to you: as a release, or return, nay! As going home! But this you do not believe, it seems?’
‘Nay, I do not believe this,’ said Andreth. For that would be contempt of the body, and is a thought of the Darkness unnatural in any incarnate whose life uncorrupted is a union of mutual love. But the body is not an inn to keep a traveler warm for the night, ere he goes on his way, and then to receive another. It is a house made for the dweller only, indeed not only a house but raiment also; and it is not clear to me that we should in this case speak only of the raiment being fitted to the wearer rather than that of the wearer being fitted to the raiment.’
‘I hold then that it is not to be thought that the severance of these two could be according to the true nature of Men. For were it “natural” for the body to be abandoned and die, but “natural” for the fëa to live on, then there would indeed be a disharmony in Man, and his parts would not be united by love. His body would be a hindrance at best, or a chain. An imposition indeed, not a gift. But there is one who imposes, and devises chains, then we should derive it from him- but as you say should not be spoken.”
‘Alas! Out in the darkness men do say this nonetheless, but the Atani as thou knowest, not know. I hold that in this we are as ye are, truly incarnates, and that we do not live in our right being and its fullness save in a union of love and peace between the House and the Dweller. Wherefore death, which divides them, is a disaster for both.’
‘Ever more you amaze my thought, Andreth,’ said Finrod. ‘For if your claim be true, then lo! A fëa which is here but a traveler is wedded to a hröa of Arda; to divide them is a grievous hurt, and yet each must fulfill its right nature without tyranny of the other. Then this must surly follow: the fëa when it departs must take with it the hröa. And what can this mean unless it be that the fëa shall have the power to uplift the hröa, as its eternal spouse and companion, into an endurance everlasting Eä, and beyond Time? Thus would Arda, or part thereof, be healed not only of the taint of Melkor, but released even from the limits that were set for it in the “Vision of Eru” of which the Valar speak.’
‘Therefore I say that if this can be believed, then mighty indeed under Eru were Men made in their beginning; and dreadful beyond all other calamities was the change in their state.’
‘It is then, a vision of what was designed to be when Arda was complete- of living things and even of the very lands and seas of Arda made eternal and indestructible, for ever beautiful and new- with which the fëar of Men compare what they see here? Or is there somewhere else a world of which all things which we see, all things that either Elves or Men know, are only tokens or reminders?’
‘If so it resides in the mind of Eru, I deem,’ said Andreth. ‘To such question how can we find the answers, here in the mists of Arda Marred? Otherwise it might have been changed; but being as we are, even among the Wise among us have given too little thought to Arda itself, or to other things that dwell here. We have thought most of ourselves: of our hröar and fëar should have dwelt together for ever in joy, and of the darkness impenetrable that now awaits us.’
‘Then not only the High Eldar are forgetful of their kin!’ said Finrod. ‘But this is strange to me, and even as did your heart when I spoke of your unrest, so mine leaps up as the hearing of good news.’
‘This I propound, was the errand of Men, not the followers, but the heirs and fulfillers of all: to heal the Marring of Arda, already foreshadowed before their devising; and to do more, as agents of the magnificence of Eru: to enlarge the Music and surpass the Vision of the World!’
‘For Arda Healed shall not be Arda Unmarred, but a third thing and a greater, and yet the same. I have conversed with the Valar who were present at the making of the Music ere the beginning of the World began. And now I wonder: Did they hear the end of the Music? Was there not something in or beyond the final chords of Eru which, being overwhelmed thereby, they did not perceive?’
‘Or again, since Eru is for ever free, maybe he made no music and showed no vision beyond a certain point. Beyond that point we cannot se or know, until by our own roads we come there, Valar or Eldar or Men.’
‘As may a master in the telling of the tales may keep hidden the greatest moment until it comes in due course. It may be guessed at indeed, in some measure by those of us who have listened with full heart and mind; but so the teller would wish. In no wise is the surprise and wonder of his art diminished, for thus we share, as it were, in his authorship. But not so, if all were told us in a preface before we entered it!’
‘What then would you say is the supreme moment that Eru has reserved?’ Andreth asked.
‘Ah, wise lady!’ said Finrod. ‘I am an Elda, and again I was thinking of my own people. But nay, of all the Children of Eru. I was thinking of the Second Children we might have been delivered from death. For ever as we spoke of death being a division of the united, I thought in my heart of a death that is not so: but the ending together of both. For that is what lies before us, so far as our reason could see: the completion of Arda; the end when all the long lives of the Elves be wholly in the past.’
‘And then suddenly I beheld a vision of Arda Remade; and there the Eldar completed but not ended could abide in the present for ever, and there walk, maybe, with the Children of Men, their deliverers, and sing to them such songs as, in the Bliss beyond Bliss, should make the green valleys ring and everlasting mountain-tops to throb like harps.’
Then Andreth looked under her brows at Finrod: ‘And what, when ye were not singing, would say to us?’ she asked.
Finrod laughed. ‘I can only guess,’ he said. ‘Why, wise lady, I think we should tell you the tales of the Past and of Arda that was Before, of the perils and great deeds and the making of the Silmarils! We were the lordly ones then! But ye, ye would then be at home, looking at all things intently, as your own. Ye would be the lordly ones. “The eyes of Elves are always thinking of something else,” ye would say. But ye would know then of what we reminded: of the days when we first, and our hands touched in the dark. Beyond the End of the World we shall not change; for in memory is our great talent, as shall be seen ever more clearly as the Ages of Arda pass: a heavy burden to be, I fear; but in the Days of which we now speak a great wealth.’ And then he paused, for he saw that Andreth was weeping silently.
‘Alas, lord!’ she said. ‘What then is to be done now? For we speak as if these things are, or as if they assuredly be. But Men have diminished and their power is taken away. We look for no Arda Remade: darkness lies before us, into which we stare in vain. If by our aid your everlasting mansions were to be prepared, they will not be builded now.’
‘Have ye then no hope?’ said Finrod
‘What is hope?’ she said. ‘An expectation of good, which though uncertain has some foundation in what is known? Then we have none.’
‘That is one thing that Men call “hope”,’ said Finrod. ‘Amdir we call it, “looking up”. But there is another which is founded deeper. Estel we call it, that is “trust”. It is not defeated by the ways of the world, for it does not come from experience, but from our nature and first being. If we are indeed the Eruhin, Children of the One, then He will not allow himself to be deprived of his Own, not by any Enemy, not even by ourselves. This is the last foundation of Estel, which we keep even when we contemplate the End: of all his designs the issues must be for his children’s joy. Amdir you have not, you say. Does no Estel at all abide?’
‘Maybe,’ she said. ‘But no! Do you not perceive that it is part of our wound that Estel should falter and its foundation be shaken? Are we the Children of the One? Are we not cast off finally? Or were we ever so? Is not the Nameless the Lord of the World?’
‘Say it not even in question!’ said Finrod.
‘It cannot be unsaid,’ answered Andreth, ‘if you would understand the despair in which we walk. Or in which must men walk. Among the Atani, as you call us, or the Seekers as we say: those who left the lands of despair and the Men of Darkness and journeyed west in vain hope: it is believed healing may yet be found, or that there is some other way of escape. But is this indeed Estel? Is it not Amdir rather; but without reason: mere flight in a dream from what waking they know: that there is no escape from darkness and death.’
‘Mere flight in a dream you say.’ answered Finrod. ‘In a dream many desires are revealed; and desire may be the last flicker of Estel. But you do not mean dream, Andreth. You confound dream and waking with hope and belief, to make the one more doubtful and the other more sure. Are they asleep when they speak of escape and healing?’
‘Asleep or awake, they say nothing clearly,’ answered Andreth. ‘How or when shall healing come? To what manner of being shall those who see that time be re-made? And what of us who before it go out into the darkness healed? To such questions only those of the “Old Hope”(as they call themselves) have any guess of an answer.’
‘Those of the Old Hope?’ said Finrod. ‘Who are they?’
‘A few,’ she said; but there number has grown since we came to this land, and they see that the Nameless can (as they think) be defied. Yet that is no good reason. To defy him does not undo his work of old. And if the valor of the Eldar fails here, then their despair be deeper. For it was not on the might of Men, or of any of the peoples of Arda, that the Old Hope was grounded.’
‘What then was this hope, if you know?’ Finrod asked.
‘They say,’ answered Andreth: ‘they say that the One will himself enter Arda, and heal Men and all the Marring from beginning to end. This they say also, or they feign, is a rumour that has come down through the years uncounted, even from the days of our undoing.’
‘They say, they feign?’ said Finrod. ‘Are you then not one of them?’
‘How can I be, lord? All wisdom is against them. Who is the One, whom you call Eru? If we put aside the Men who serve the Nameless, as do many in Middle-earth, still many Men perceive the world only as a war between light and dark equipotent. But you will say: nay, that is Manwë and Melkor; Eru is above them. Is then Eru the greatest of the Valar, a great god, among gods, as most Men will say, even among the Atani: a King who dwells far from his Kingdom and leaves lesser Princes to do there as they will? Again you say: nay, Eru is the One, alone without peer, and he made Eä, and is beyond it; and the Valar are greater than we, but no nearer to His Majesty. Is this not so.’
‘Yes’, said Finrod. ‘We say this, and the Valar we know, and they say the same, all save one. But which, think you, is more likely to lie: those who make themselves humble or he that exalts himself.’
‘I do not doubt,’ said Andreth. ‘And for that reason the saying of Hope passes my understanding. How can Eru enter into the thing that He has made, and which he is beyond measure greater? Can the singer enter into his own tale or the designer enter into his picture?’
‘He is already in it, as well as outside,’ said Finrod. ‘But indeed the “in-dwelling” and the “out-dwelling” are not in the same mode.’
‘Truly,’ said Andreth. ‘So may Eru in that mode be present in Eä that proceeded from him. But they speak of Eru Himself entering into Arda, and that is a thing wholly different. How could He the Greater do this? Would it shatter Arda, or indeed all of Eä?’
‘Ask me not,’ said Finrod. ‘These things are beyond the compass of wisdom of the Eldar, or of the Valar maybe. But I doubt that our may mislead us, and that when you say “greater” you think the dimensions of Arda, in which the greater vessel may not contain the less.’
‘But such words may be used of the Measureless. If Eru wished to do this, I do not doubt that He would find a way, though I cannot foresee it. For, as it seems to me, even if He in Himself were to enter in. He must still remain also as He is: the Author without. And yet, Andreth I speak with humility, I cannot conceive how else this healing could be achieved. Since Eru will surely not suffer Melkor to turn the world to his own will and to triumph in the end. Yet there is no power conceivable greater than Melkor save Eru only. Therefore, if He will not relinquish His work to Melkor, who must else proceed to mastery, then Eru must com in to conquer him.’
‘More even if Melkor (or the Morgoth that he has become) could in any way be thrown down or thrust from Arda, still his Shadow will still remain, and the evil that he has wrought and sown would wax and multiply. And if any remedy for this to be found, ere all is ended, any new light to oppose the shadow, or any medicine for the wounds: then it must, I deem, come from without.’