From Wikipedia:
The
Bogardus social distance scale is a psychological testing scale created by Emory S. Bogardus to empirically measure people's willingness to participate in social contacts of varying degrees of closeness with members of diverse social groups, such as racial and ethnic groups.
The scale asks people the extent to which they would be accepting of each group (a score of 1.00 for a group is taken to indicate no social distance):
- As close relatives by marriage (i.e., as the legal spouse of a close relative) (score 1.00)
- As my close personal friends (2.00)
- As neighbors on the same street (3.00)
- As co-workers in the same occupation (4.00)
- As citizens in my country (5.00)
- As non-citizen visitors in my country (6.00)
- Would exclude from entry into my country (7.00)
Remember to declare your house as a country and exclude all other people from entry.
That phrasing has been bugging me ever since I heard it a couple weeks ago, and so I figured I'd look into it today. It turns out it was created during the SARS epidemic in the early 2000s, and I guess it's been used since then when talking about these kinds of pseudo-quarantine measures during epidemics and pandemics. It was never mentioned on Wikipedia until three years ago.
Actual social distancing has been studied since the early 1900s, so it's a bit weird that some health organizations started using the term for something entirely different.