Lunar and Extraterrestrial Bases
Lunar and extraterrestrial bases - new prospects of creation and exploitation
A. Mayboroda
The XXXVII academic conference on astronautics, devoted to the memory of Academician S.P. Korolev and other outstanding domestic scientists - the pioneers of exploration of outer space.
In the report new possibilities of creation and exploitation of the lunar and extraterrestrial (alien) bases are considered, the possibilities that have now been opened by new progressive means of cargo transportation both to and from the base to orbital stations.
Methods of low-cost rocket fuel delivery to the base needed for getting the personnel back to the Earth as well as water and various raw materials and whatever else is necessary for the base functioning and its further deployment are discussed here. The price of cargo delivery to the moon is reduced by almost 5 times.
Also methods for supplying the circumlunar (alien) orbital station with rocket fuel with a view to refueling spacecrafts (SC) which land to the base and/or return the personnel and the production of the base to the Earth are explained herein.
At present, due to the volume printers and 3D-printing a lunar base is simplified - now most of the cargo delivered to the area of base deployment may not be some ready-to-be-used technical products, but raw materials for their production, which is represented by things that are fragile in terms of getting strikes and being under high temperature. Given the delivery to the base of simple components of rocket fuel, instead of ready hard-molecular products, the main cargo traffic will be a raw material, and the part of finished complex technical products will be insignificant.
This structure of cargo delivery makes it possible to significantly reduce costs during the construction phase of the base because it makes it possible to carry out the supply of necessary raw materials supplies from Earth without using missiles at the area of lunar landing of loads. These simple materials like the water containing the necessary for the base oxygen and hydrogen, hydrocarbons, various chemicals for lunar industrial complexes, aluminum, titanium and other metals that do not need a soft landing on the Moon. The main thing is that after a tough, impact landing these substances would be easy to collect and accumulate for future use. The required solution provides the project of Moon (alien) apparatus of raw collector fed from the circum terrestrial orbit by interorbital tugs. The first proposals in this direction were given in the late 80's of the last century (US Patent 4775120). However, the proposed system’s cumbersome was the major obstacle to its realization.
In terms of reducing the mass and dimensions of the lunar or extraterrestrial raw collector (LRC or ARC) was the invention of an effective solution to the RU patent number 2385275, which reduces the mass and dimensions of the LRC to an acceptable level. Innovative option of LRC may have a mass of less than 1 ton, which allows to deliver it to the Moon, asteroids and dwarf planets by existing launch vehicles. Direct transmission of the flow of raw materials from lunar orbit to the LRC increases in several times the mass of the goods, descended from orbit (at the expense of fuel required for a soft landing) and, therefore, greatly increases carrying capacity boosters or interorbital tugs (IT), sent from Earth orbit. For example, in IT, using cryogenic oxygen-hydrogen fuel is in 2-3 times increases the part of cargo delivered to the moon, and the IT with engines on high fuel load increases in the proportion in 4-5 times.
On the basis of the same invention RU 2385275, as well as RU 2451631, at the Moon can be displayed similar to the same raw materials collector, but of the orbital deployment of mass 3-5 tons. Orbital raw collector (ORC) is designed for the capture of two types of flows of goods: as sent directly from the earth and from the lunar surface.
The system thus provides a low-cost stocks of rocket fuel, which provides refueling spacecrafts landing on the base, or returning to Earth. For example, the part of the payload vehicle (using a high-boiling rocket fuel) landing on the base, provided it is based on refueling before launching back into the orbit of the Moon, increases in 15 times or more. This provides a reasonable cost for flights to regular change of the base personnel. In the short term, the cost of delivery and evacuation of a lunar base personnel can be reduced to the present cost of the change of the International Space Station crew.
Based on the foregoing, it is concluded that the opening of the first lunar base and its industrial application for the needs of the Earth can be real much sooner than it has been planned without these innovations.
Animated principal diagrams
http://ic.pics.livejournal.com/alboros/15109996/174662/174662_original.gif
http://mayboroda.com/images/flash3/rolik22.swf
http://mayboroda.com/images/flash3/2.swf
A. Mayboroda
The XXXVII academic conference on astronautics, devoted to the memory of Academician S.P. Korolev and other outstanding domestic scientists - the pioneers of exploration of outer space.
In the report new possibilities of creation and exploitation of the lunar and extraterrestrial (alien) bases are considered, the possibilities that have now been opened by new progressive means of cargo transportation both to and from the base to orbital stations.
Methods of low-cost rocket fuel delivery to the base needed for getting the personnel back to the Earth as well as water and various raw materials and whatever else is necessary for the base functioning and its further deployment are discussed here. The price of cargo delivery to the moon is reduced by almost 5 times.
Also methods for supplying the circumlunar (alien) orbital station with rocket fuel with a view to refueling spacecrafts (SC) which land to the base and/or return the personnel and the production of the base to the Earth are explained herein.
At present, due to the volume printers and 3D-printing a lunar base is simplified - now most of the cargo delivered to the area of base deployment may not be some ready-to-be-used technical products, but raw materials for their production, which is represented by things that are fragile in terms of getting strikes and being under high temperature. Given the delivery to the base of simple components of rocket fuel, instead of ready hard-molecular products, the main cargo traffic will be a raw material, and the part of finished complex technical products will be insignificant.
This structure of cargo delivery makes it possible to significantly reduce costs during the construction phase of the base because it makes it possible to carry out the supply of necessary raw materials supplies from Earth without using missiles at the area of lunar landing of loads. These simple materials like the water containing the necessary for the base oxygen and hydrogen, hydrocarbons, various chemicals for lunar industrial complexes, aluminum, titanium and other metals that do not need a soft landing on the Moon. The main thing is that after a tough, impact landing these substances would be easy to collect and accumulate for future use. The required solution provides the project of Moon (alien) apparatus of raw collector fed from the circum terrestrial orbit by interorbital tugs. The first proposals in this direction were given in the late 80's of the last century (US Patent 4775120). However, the proposed system’s cumbersome was the major obstacle to its realization.
In terms of reducing the mass and dimensions of the lunar or extraterrestrial raw collector (LRC or ARC) was the invention of an effective solution to the RU patent number 2385275, which reduces the mass and dimensions of the LRC to an acceptable level. Innovative option of LRC may have a mass of less than 1 ton, which allows to deliver it to the Moon, asteroids and dwarf planets by existing launch vehicles. Direct transmission of the flow of raw materials from lunar orbit to the LRC increases in several times the mass of the goods, descended from orbit (at the expense of fuel required for a soft landing) and, therefore, greatly increases carrying capacity boosters or interorbital tugs (IT), sent from Earth orbit. For example, in IT, using cryogenic oxygen-hydrogen fuel is in 2-3 times increases the part of cargo delivered to the moon, and the IT with engines on high fuel load increases in the proportion in 4-5 times.
On the basis of the same invention RU 2385275, as well as RU 2451631, at the Moon can be displayed similar to the same raw materials collector, but of the orbital deployment of mass 3-5 tons. Orbital raw collector (ORC) is designed for the capture of two types of flows of goods: as sent directly from the earth and from the lunar surface.
The system thus provides a low-cost stocks of rocket fuel, which provides refueling spacecrafts landing on the base, or returning to Earth. For example, the part of the payload vehicle (using a high-boiling rocket fuel) landing on the base, provided it is based on refueling before launching back into the orbit of the Moon, increases in 15 times or more. This provides a reasonable cost for flights to regular change of the base personnel. In the short term, the cost of delivery and evacuation of a lunar base personnel can be reduced to the present cost of the change of the International Space Station crew.
Based on the foregoing, it is concluded that the opening of the first lunar base and its industrial application for the needs of the Earth can be real much sooner than it has been planned without these innovations.
Animated principal diagrams
http://ic.pics.livejournal.com/alboros/15109996/174662/174662_original.gif
http://mayboroda.com/images/flash3/rolik22.swf
http://mayboroda.com/images/flash3/2.swf