Old-fashioned prayer book language
Not too many people still try to use antique English verb endings and pronouns in their prayers, but if you are wondering about what the rules for such things are, or how to pronounce stuff, try this.
Up through Early Modern English (Shakespeare and the KJV), the typical third person singular present ending for verbs was -(e)th. This became -s in Modern English. He hath became he has, for instance. She wond(e)reth became she wonders. It doth became it does. Thus saith the Lord became thus says the Lord -- and note: only the final consonant changed. Saith is not pronounced SAY-ETH, but SETH, just as says is pronounced today SEZ.
The second person singular present ending for verbs was -(e)st. This was dropped in Modern English. Thou wouldst became you would. Thou hast became you have.
Having mentioned thou, I should point out that English originally had two forms of the second person pronoun. German and French and several other languages still do. One was for address between people who had a close relationship: husband and wife, sweethearts, old friends. It was also used to address children and animals. For ordinary business with people one didn't know well or couldn't claim intimacy with, the "polite" form was used, and the plural form was used for both singular and plural. The intimate form was adopted by the aristocracy to demonstrate their supposed close relations (even when they despised each other). It was also used for address by and to God.
INTIMATE FORM: Thou (singular); Ye (plural)
POLITE FORM: You (singular); You (plural)
This is cognate with German Du, Ihr (intimate form), Sie (polite form).
Pronouns, even in modern English, manifest case forms largely dropped for nouns. So Thou was the nominative form, used when it was the subject of the sentence or phrase: Hearest thou something? The genitive form, used for possessives, was Thy, as in, Let me see thy money before I give it thee. Thine was used by itself -- as mine is yet today -- when the word stood alone: This one is mine, that one is thine. It could also be used when the noun following it began with a vowel: Thine eyes shine tonight. The dative/accusative form, used when the pronoun was the object of a verb or preposition, was Thee: I see thee where thou standest.
All this is clear enough, but the form of the verb is has a lot of complications, including special forms for the second person intimate pronoun and a whole different set of forms for the subjunctive mood. If I am is not the same as if I be, and thou wast is not the same as thou wert. The first in each pair is in the indicative mood, while the second is in the subjunctive. Consult a good handbook of grammar when you get into these weeds.
Up through Early Modern English (Shakespeare and the KJV), the typical third person singular present ending for verbs was -(e)th. This became -s in Modern English. He hath became he has, for instance. She wond(e)reth became she wonders. It doth became it does. Thus saith the Lord became thus says the Lord -- and note: only the final consonant changed. Saith is not pronounced SAY-ETH, but SETH, just as says is pronounced today SEZ.
The second person singular present ending for verbs was -(e)st. This was dropped in Modern English. Thou wouldst became you would. Thou hast became you have.
Having mentioned thou, I should point out that English originally had two forms of the second person pronoun. German and French and several other languages still do. One was for address between people who had a close relationship: husband and wife, sweethearts, old friends. It was also used to address children and animals. For ordinary business with people one didn't know well or couldn't claim intimacy with, the "polite" form was used, and the plural form was used for both singular and plural. The intimate form was adopted by the aristocracy to demonstrate their supposed close relations (even when they despised each other). It was also used for address by and to God.
INTIMATE FORM: Thou (singular); Ye (plural)
POLITE FORM: You (singular); You (plural)
This is cognate with German Du, Ihr (intimate form), Sie (polite form).
Pronouns, even in modern English, manifest case forms largely dropped for nouns. So Thou was the nominative form, used when it was the subject of the sentence or phrase: Hearest thou something? The genitive form, used for possessives, was Thy, as in, Let me see thy money before I give it thee. Thine was used by itself -- as mine is yet today -- when the word stood alone: This one is mine, that one is thine. It could also be used when the noun following it began with a vowel: Thine eyes shine tonight. The dative/accusative form, used when the pronoun was the object of a verb or preposition, was Thee: I see thee where thou standest.
All this is clear enough, but the form of the verb is has a lot of complications, including special forms for the second person intimate pronoun and a whole different set of forms for the subjunctive mood. If I am is not the same as if I be, and thou wast is not the same as thou wert. The first in each pair is in the indicative mood, while the second is in the subjunctive. Consult a good handbook of grammar when you get into these weeds.