http://ps.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/publications/schuster19zero.pdf Zero-cost Effect Handlers by Staging
Effect handlers offer ways to structure programs with complex control-flow patterns. Yet, current implementations of effect handlers incur a significant price in performance for doing so. We present a language that makes it possible to eliminate the overhead introduced by using effect handlers to abstract over effect operations. We present a translation of this language to simply typed lambda calculus in continuation passing style that preserves the well-typedness of terms.